-ency
suffix
UKənsiUSənsi
Denotes a state, quality, or condition; used to form nouns, often abstract
Example Sentences
The word 'efficiency' refers to the quality of being efficient.
In 'agency,' the suffix '-ency' highlights the state of acting or doing.
Consistency is the quality of being consistent and dependable.
The suffix '-ency' often denotes abstract states, as in 'competency.'
Dependency refers to a condition of relying on something or someone.
Fluency in a language shows the state of being fluent in its use.
The word 'currency' signifies the condition of being current or widely accepted.
Words ending in '-ency' typically describe qualities, conditions, or states.
Thesaurus
Synonyms
How to Use
Suffix denoting state, quality, or condition of being.The suffix '-ency' is used to form nouns that express the state, quality, or condition of something. Commonly derived from adjectives or participles, it turns these into abstract nouns. Examples include 'urgency' (state of being urgent), 'frequency' (state of being frequent), and 'efficiency' (state or quality of being efficient). The usage depends on context and is often employed in formal or technical language to define or qualify concepts.
Alternatives
Alternative suffixes with similar meanings include '-ness' (e.g., 'happiness'), '-ity' (e.g., 'clarity'), and '-ship' (e.g., 'friendship'). While '-ency' is abstract and formal, '-ness' is more general, and '-ity' often relates to Latin-derived adjectives. Understanding the right context for usage can enhance clarity and precision in communication.
Writing
When writing, use '-ency' to add abstraction or technical precision. For instance, 'consistency' conveys a precise quality versus 'being consistent.' Avoid overuse to maintain readability. Pair '-ency' with formal contexts like reports, academic papers, or professional documentation.
Casual Conversation
In daily conversation, '-ency' words are less common but may be used for emphasis, e.g., 'urgency' to stress immediate action. Use simpler terms like 'need' or 'importance' to keep communication natural.
Etymology
The suffix '-ency' originates from Latin '-entia,' which forms nouns of quality from participles. It entered English via French, maintaining its role in abstract and formal language. The consistency of its meaning highlights linguistic evolution from Latin into modern English.