-ism
suffix
UK/ɪzəm/US/ɪzəm/
Used to form nouns denoting a distinctive practice, system, philosophy, or ideological movement. Originating from Greek and Latin, this suffix appears in words such as ‘capitalism’ (an economic system), ‘optimism’ (a philosophy or tendency of seeing the positive side), and ‘Buddhism’ (a religion or philosophy). It often indicates a set of beliefs, a characteristic attitude, or a doctrinal system shared by a group.
Example Sentences
Capitalism emphasizes private ownership of the means of production and the pursuit of profit in a competitive market.
He explored existentialism in college, finding its focus on individual freedom both liberating and intimidating.
Nationalism can foster a sense of community, though critics argue that extreme forms of it may lead to xenophobia or isolationism.
Feminism advocates for social, political, and economic equality of all genders, challenging historically entrenched patriarchal norms.
Socialism proposes collective or governmental ownership of resources, striving to reduce economic disparities and ensure fair distribution of wealth.
In journalism, sensationalism often involves exaggerating or embellishing stories to grab readers’ attention, potentially distorting facts.
He drifted toward minimalism in interior design, discarding excess items in favor of clean lines and uncluttered spaces that promoted serenity.
Many of the greatest historical shifts arose from competing isms—liberalism, conservatism, realism, romanticism—illustrating how these frameworks shape human thought, culture, and governance across time.
Thesaurus
Synonyms
How to Use
Suffix used to form nouns that denote a practice, system, belief, or condition.The suffix '-ism' is used to form nouns that refer to systems of beliefs, ideologies, practices, or conditions. For example, 'capitalism' refers to an economic system based on private ownership, and 'realism' describes a focus on things as they really are, especially in art and literature. '-ism' can also indicate a state or condition, such as 'altruism' (the practice of selfless concern for others). It is commonly used to define particular movements, ideas, or philosophies.
Alternatives
Alternatives include descriptive phrases like 'system of' or 'belief in,' such as 'system of government' instead of 'capitalism.' These are more explicit but less concise.
Writing
In writing, '-ism' is essential for discussing ideologies, practices, or movements. For instance, 'feminism' denotes the advocacy for women's rights, and 'romanticism' refers to a cultural and artistic movement. Use it to identify and define specific systems or beliefs in academic, philosophical, or sociopolitical contexts.
Casual Conversation
In casual conversation, '-ism' terms like 'optimism,' 'realism,' and 'nationalism' are frequently used to describe beliefs or attitudes. They help convey complex ideas in a simple and easily understood manner.