「保羅·里维尔的騎行」※ 描述美國獨立戰爭前夕保羅·里維爾夜間傳訊的史詩故事 ※ 經典名詩

A dramatic depiction of a lone rider on horseback galloping through a moonlit colonial American countryside, with shadowy forests and small villages in the background. The scene should evoke tension and urgency, featuring a silvery glow from the moon illuminating the determined face of Paul Revere as he races forward, his tricorn hat slightly askew, while distant church steeples loom faintly under the night sky.

Paul Revere's Ride - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

保羅·里维尔的騎行 - 亨利·沃茲沃思·朗費羅

夜幕下的英雄快馬加鞭

Listen, my children, and you shall hear
聽吧,我的孩子們,你們將會聽到
Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere,
保羅·里维尔午夜騎行的故事,
On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-Five;
在七五年四月的十八日;
Hardly a man is now alive
如今幾乎沒有人還活著
Who remembers that famous day and year.
能記得那著名的日子和年份。
He said to his friend, “If the British march
他對朋友說:「如果英國人行軍
By land or sea from the town to-night,
今晚由陸路或海路出城,
Hang a lantern aloft in the belfry arch
就在北教堂塔樓的鐘架上掛起一盞燈籠
Of the North Church tower as a signal light,—
作為信號燈,
One, if by land, and two, if by sea;
如果走陸路就掛一盞,走海路就掛兩盞;
And I on the opposite shore will be,
而我會在對岸,
Ready to ride and spread the alarm
準備好騎馬並傳播警報
Through every Middlesex village and farm,
穿過米德爾塞克斯的每個村莊和農場,
For the country folk to be up and to arm.“
讓鄉下的人們起來武裝。」
Then he said, “Good-night!“ and with muffled oar
然後他說:「晚安!」並用裹著布的槳
Silently rowed to the Charlestown shore,
靜靜地划向查爾斯頓海岸,
Just as the moon rose over the bay,
就在月亮從海灣升起時,
Where swinging wide at her moorings lay
那裡停泊著寬廣搖擺的
The Somerset, British man-of-war;
英國戰艦薩默塞特號;
A phantom ship, with each mast and spar
一艘幽靈船,每根桅杆和帆桁
Across the moon like a prison bar,
橫跨月亮像監獄的欄杆,
And a huge black hulk, that was magnified
以及一個巨大的黑色船體,被放大了
By its own reflection in the tide.
在潮水中的倒影。
Meanwhile, his friend, through alley and street,
同時,他的朋友,穿過小巷和街道,
Wanders and watches with eager ears,
徘徊並以急切的耳朵聆聽,
Till in the silence around him he hears
直到他在周圍的寂靜中聽到
The muster of men at the barrack door,
兵營門口士兵的集合,
The sound of arms, and the tramp of feet,
武器的聲音,和腳步的踏地聲,
And the measured tread of the grenadiers,
以及擲彈兵有節奏的步伐,
Marching down to their boats on the shore.
朝著岸邊的小船行進。
Then he climbed the tower of the Old North Church,
然後他爬上老北教堂的塔樓,
By the wooden stairs, with stealthy tread,
沿著木製樓梯,輕輕地踏步,
To the belfry-chamber overhead,
到達上面的鐘樓房間,
And startled the pigeons from their perch
驚動了棲息在陰暗屋椽上的鴿子
On the sombre rafters, that round him made
它們在他周圍形成
Masses and moving shapes of shade,—
成團和移動的陰影形狀,
By the trembling ladder, steep and tall,
藉著顫抖的、陡峭而高的梯子,
To the highest window in the wall,
到達牆上最高的窗戶,
Where he paused to listen and look down
他在那裡停下傾聽並俯瞰
A moment on the roofs of the town,
片刻於城鎮的屋頂,
And the moonlight flowing over all.
以及流瀉在一切之上的月光。
Beneath, in the churchyard, lay the dead,
下面,在教堂墓地,躺著死者,
In their night-encampment on the hill,
在他們夜晚紮營的山上,
Wrapped in silence so deep and still
包裹在如此深沉和靜止的沉默中
That he could hear, like a sentinel's tread,
他能聽到,就像哨兵的腳步聲,
The watchful night-wind, as it went
警覺的夜風,當它
Creeping along from tent to tent,
悄悄地從一個帳篷爬到另一個帳篷,
And seeming to whisper, “All is well!“
似乎在低語,「一切安好!」
A moment only he feels the spell
只有一瞬間,他感受到這地方的魔力
Of the place and the hour, and the secret dread
以及這個時刻,和秘密的恐懼
Of the lonely belfry and the dead;
孤獨的鐘樓和死者;
For suddenly all his thoughts are bent
因為突然間他所有的思緒都集中
On a shadowy something far away,
在遠處的一個模糊的東西上,
Where the river widens to meet the bay,—
河流擴展與海灣相接的地方,
A line of black that bends and floats
一條彎曲漂浮的黑線
On the rising tide, like a bridge of boats.
在漲潮上,像一座船橋。
Meanwhile, impatient to mount and ride,
與此同時,他急於上馬疾馳,
Booted and spurred, with a heavy stride
穿著靴子和踢刺,沉重的步伐
On the opposite shore walked Paul Revere.
保羅·里维尔在對岸行走。
Now he patted his horse's side,
現在他輕拍他的馬側,
Now gazed at the landscape far and near,
現在凝視遠近的景色,
Then, impetuous, stamped the earth,
然後,衝動地,踩踏地面,
And turned and tightened his saddle-girth;
並轉身緊了緊馬鞍帶;
But mostly he watched with eager search
但他主要以急切的目光觀察
The belfry-tower of the Old North Church,
老北教堂的鐘樓,
As it rose above the graves on the hill,
當它聳立在山丘上的墓地之上,
Lonely and spectral and sombre and still.
孤獨、幽靈般、陰沉且靜止。
And lo! as he looks, on the belfry's height
看哪!當他注視時,在鐘樓的高處
A glimmer, and then a gleam of light!
一絲微光,接著一道亮光!
He springs to the saddle, the bridle he turns,
他躍上馬鞍,轉動韁繩,
But lingers and gazes, till full on his sight
但徘徊並凝視,直到完全映入眼簾
A second lamp in the belfry burns!
鐘樓裡第二盞燈燃起!
A hurry of hoofs in a village street,
村中街道上急促的馬蹄聲,
A shape in the moonlight, a bulk in the dark,
月光下的身影,黑暗中的龐然大物,
And beneath, from the pebbles, in passing, a spark
而在下方,從鵝卵石間,擦出一顆火花
Struck out by a steed flying fearless and fleet:
被無畏而迅捷的駿馬踢出:
That was all! And yet, through the gloom and the light,
就這樣!然而,透過黑暗與光明,
The fate of a nation was riding that night;
一個國家的命運那晚正在奔馳;
And the spark struck out by that steed, in his flight,
那匹馬飛奔時擦出的火花,
Kindled the land into flame with its heat.
以其熱量點燃了大地成火焰。
He has left the village and mounted the steep,
他已離開村莊並登上陡坡,
And beneath him, tranquil and broad and deep,
在他之下,平靜、寬闊且深邃,
Is the Mystic, meeting the ocean tides;
是密斯蒂克河,匯入海洋潮汐;
And under the alders, that skirt its edge,
而在紅柳樹下,沿著河岸邊緣,
Now soft on the sand, now loud on the ledge,
現在柔軟地落在沙灘上,現在響亮地撞擊岩石,
Is heard the tramp of his steed as he rides.
聽得到他騎馬時的馬蹄聲。
It was twelve by the village clock,
村裡的鐘敲響了十二點,
When he crossed the bridge into Medford town.
當他穿過橋進入梅德福鎮時。
He heard the crowing of the cock,
他聽到公雞的啼叫,
And the barking of the farmer’s dog,
還有農夫的狗吠,
And felt the damp of the river fog,
並感受到河霧的濕氣,
That rises after the sun goes down.
在太陽落山後升起。
It was one by the village clock,
村裡的鐘敲響了一點,
When he galloped into Lexington.
當他疾馳進入列剋星敦時。
He saw the gilded weathercock
他看見鍍金的風向標
Swim in the moonlight as he passed,
在他經過時漂浮在月光中,
And the meeting-house windows, blank and bare,
而會議廳的窗戶,空洞而赤裸,
Gaze at him with a spectral glare,
以幽靈般的目光盯著他,
As if they already stood aghast
彷彿他們早已驚愕地站立
At the bloody work they would look upon.
面對即將目睹的血腥工作。
It was two by the village clock,
村裡的鐘敲響了兩點,
When he came to the bridge in Concord town.
當他來到康科德鎮的橋上時。
He heard the bleating of the flock,
他聽到羊群的咩咩聲,
And the twitter of birds among the trees,
以及鳥兒在樹間的啁啾聲,
And felt the breath of the morning breeze
並感受到晨風的氣息
Blowing over the meadows brown.
吹拂過褐色的草地。
And one was safe and asleep in his bed
而其中一人正安全地在他的床上睡覺,
Who at the bridge would be first to fall,
他將在橋上第一個倒下,
Who that day would be lying dead,
那天他將躺下死去,
Pierced by a British musket-ball.
被英國火槍的子彈射穿。

詩作背景與概述

《Paul Revere's Ride》是由美國詩人亨利·沃茲沃思·朗費羅(Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)創作的一首敘事詩,首次出版於1860年。這首詩描述了美國獨立戰爭前夕,保羅·里維爾(Paul Revere)在1775年4月18日夜晚的著名騎行事件。他的任務是警告殖民地民兵英軍即將進攻的消息,從而為列克星敦和康科德戰役做好準備。

第一段:開篇與歷史回顧

詩歌以呼喚語開始,“Listen, my children, and you shall hear”,營造出一種講述故事的氛圍,讓讀者感受到這是一段值得銘記的歷史傳奇。朗費羅提到“midnight ride of Paul Revere”以及具體日期“the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-Five”,強調這一事件的重要性,並感嘆如今幾乎沒有人親眼見證過那一天。

第二段:計劃的制定

在這一部分,詩中描繪了保羅·里維爾和他的朋友制定秘密信號的過程。他們約定如果英軍通過陸路進攻,則懸掛一盞燈;如果通過海路,則懸掛兩盞燈作為信號。這種細緻的安排展現了革命者的智慧與組織能力,也突出了緊張的局勢。

第三段:場景轉換與氣氛渲染

詩人用生動的意象描繪了夜晚的波士頓灣,“Just as the moon rose over the bay”,並引入英國軍艦“Somerset”的形象,將其比喻為“a phantom ship”。這些畫面不僅增強了神秘感,還暗示了壓迫與威脅的存在。

第四段:朋友的行動

里維爾的朋友穿梭於街巷之間,密切監聽英軍的動靜。當他聽到士兵集結、武器碰撞以及沉重的步伐時,立刻意識到英軍即將行動。隨後,他爬上老北教堂的鐘樓,懸掛起信號燈。這裡的細節描寫,例如“stealthy tread”和“trembling ladder”,進一步烘托出緊張的氣氛。

第五段:保羅·里維爾的等待

在河對岸,保羅·里維爾焦慮地等待信號。他不斷觀察鐘樓,終於看到了第一盞燈,然後是第二盞燈。這一刻標誌著行動的開始,他迅速躍上馬鞍,踏上征程。詩中的“glimmer, and then a gleam of light”象徵希望與使命的啟程。

第六段:騎行的旅程

詩歌接下來詳細描述了里維爾的騎行過程。他穿越村莊與田野,沿途敲響警報,喚醒村民們拿起武器抵禦英軍。詩中提到“The fate of a nation was riding that night”,強調這次騎行對於美國命運的決定性意義。

第七段:時間與地點的記錄

朗費羅巧妙地利用時間線來推進故事,例如“twelve by the village clock”、“one by the village clock”等,使讀者能夠清晰地跟隨里維爾的足跡。同時,他也描繪了不同城鎮的特色,如梅德福的雞鳴犬吠和列克星敦的寂靜。

第八段:預示未來的悲壯

在接近尾聲時,詩中隱晦地提到一位即將犧牲的無名英雄,“Who at the bridge would be first to fall”。這種預言式的筆觸增添了悲壯色彩,也提醒讀者即將到來的戰鬥。

第九段:結尾與精神傳承

最後,詩人總結道:“So through the night rode Paul Revere”,並指出他的呼喊是一種“cry of defiance, and not of fear”。這種精神被視為美國歷史的一部分,激勵後人在黑暗與危難中保持覺醒。詩末的“the hurrying hoof-beats of that steed”成為永恆的象徵。

主題與藝術手法
  • 愛國主義: 詩歌充滿了對自由與獨立的渴望,體現了美國早期革命者的勇氣與決心。
  • 敘事技巧: 朗費羅運用生動的細節和緊湊的情節,使得整個故事扣人心弦。
  • 象徵主義: 燈光、馬蹄聲等元素具有深層次的象徵意義,代表希望、行動與民族精神。
結論

《Paul Revere's Ride》不僅是一首紀念歷史事件的詩歌,更是一曲頌揚自由與勇氣的讚歌。它通過保羅·里維爾的故事,喚起了人們對抗壓迫、捍衛正義的共鳴,至今仍激勵著無數讀者。

重點

這首詩通過描繪保羅·里維爾著名的午夜騎行,展現了勇氣與愛國精神的重要性,提醒讀者在危急時刻挺身而出捍衛自由的價值;它不僅重現了一段關鍵歷史時刻,也激勵人們銘記那些默默奉獻的無名英雄。

意見評論
    喔!時光竟然這麼快就過⋯
    提供語言版本