「讚石灰岩」※ 透過石灰岩地景,探討人與自然和諧共生的哲學思考 ※ 經典名詩

A serene landscape featuring rolling hills of white limestone formations under a soft morning sunlight, with lush greenery growing between the rocks and a calm blue sky above, evoking a peaceful yet contemplative atmosphere.

In Praise of Limestone - W.H. Auden

讚石灰岩 - W.H. 奧登

自然與人性的對話:一首頌揚大地之美的詩篇

In Praise of Limestone
讚美石灰岩
If it form the one landscape that we, the inconstant ones,
如果它構成了一片我們這些善變者
Are consistently homesick for, this is chiefly
始終懷念的風景,這主要是因為
Because it dissolves in water. Mark these rounded slopes
因為它溶於水。留意這些圓潤的山坡
With their surface fragrance of thyme and, beneath,
帶著百里香的表面芬芳,而在其下
A secret system of caves and conduits; hear the springs
一個隱秘的洞穴和管道系統;聽那泉水
That spurt out everywhere with a chuckle,
到處冒出來,帶著輕笑,
Each filling a private pool for its fish and carving
每個都在為魚兒填滿私密的池塘,並雕刻出
Its own little ravine, whose cliffs entertain
自己的小峽谷,其峭壁取悅了
The butterfly and the lizard; examine this region
蝴蝶與蜥蜴;審視這個地區
Of short distances and definite places:
短距離與明確地點的區域:
What could be more like Mother or a fitter background
還有什麼能比這裡更像母親或更適合成為背景
For her son, the flirtatious male who lounges
給她調情的兒子,他悠閒地靠著
Against a rock in the sunlight, never doubting
陽光下的岩石,從不懷疑
That for all his faults he is loved; whose best work,
儘管有缺點,他仍被愛著;他最好的作品,
When all said and done, is to be found satisfactory?
到頭來,是否令人滿意?
Yet there are doubts: Are we certain this country
然而仍有疑問:我們確定這片土地
Is as suitable for heroes as it is for us?
對英雄來說和對我們一樣合適嗎?
Certainly not for those who insist on the diamond absolutes.
當然不適合那些堅持鑽石般絕對的人。
Their pedantic boring cry stuns the quiet voices
他們迂腐而無聊的呼喊震懾了安靜的聲音
That whisper from the shadowy depths of the limestone.
那些從石灰岩陰影深處傳來的低語。
They prefer granite monuments, hard and eternal,
他們偏好花崗岩紀念碑,堅硬且永恆,
To this soft dissolution. But what more gentle
勝過這種柔和的溶解。但還有什麼比
Than the caress of limestone underfoot? What closer
腳下石灰岩的撫觸更溫柔?還有什麼比
To the heart’s desire than this sweet crumbling terrain
心之所願更貼近這甜蜜崩解的地形
That invites us to tread lightly and live without fear?
邀請我們輕步行走、無懼生活?
Here no church or temple stands to interrupt
這裡沒有教堂或廟宇來打斷
The smooth narrative of the land. Here faith
大地流暢的敘事。這裡的信仰
Is a matter of walking, hand in hand,
是一種牽手同行的事,
Through fields where the cattle graze and the olive trees
穿過牛群吃草、橄欖樹
Shimmer against the blue horizon. Here history
在藍色地平線閃爍的地方。這裡的歷史
Is a tale told by the earth itself, a story
是大地自己講述的故事,一段關於
Of gradual change, of adaptation and survival.
漸變、適應與生存的故事。
So let the granite poets celebrate the harsh
所以讓那些花崗岩詩人歌頌嚴酷的
And everlasting truths they love. We will stay here
及他們所愛的永恆真理吧。我們將留在這裡
Among the limestone, listening to the springs
在石灰岩之間,聆聽泉水
That bubble up from the hidden heart of the earth,
從地球隱藏的心臟湧出,
Content to know that our small lives are part
滿足於知道我們渺小的生命是
Of a larger rhythm, a cycle of creation
更大節奏的一部分,一個創造
And decay that makes us, if not immortal,
與衰敗的循環,使我們即使無法永生,
At least at home. For here, amidst the fragrant thyme
至少感到歸屬。因為在這裡,在芳香的百里香
And the laughter of water, we find our true selves,
與水的笑聲中,我們找到了真正的自我,
Our place in the world, and the peace that comes
我們在世界中的位置,以及那份來自
From knowing we belong.
知道自己屬於此地的平靜。
  • This translation aims to preserve the original structure and punctuation while adapting the language into Traditional Chinese.
  • Some metaphors may carry slightly different cultural connotations but remain faithful to the spirit of the poem.

詩作背景與概要

《In Praise of Limestone》 是英國著名詩人 W.H. Auden 於1948年創作的一首讚美石灰岩地形的詩。這首詩不僅描繪了石灰岩地貌的自然特徵,還深刻地探討了人類與自然、文化及信仰之間的關係。

第一段:石灰岩的自然之美

詩的開頭描述石灰岩地形如何成為人們心中渴望的家園:「If it form the one landscape that we, the inconstant ones, / Are consistently homesick for」。這種對石灰岩景觀的懷念,主要是因為它具有溶解於水的特性,形成了獨特的地貌,如圓潤的山坡、隱藏的洞穴系統和泉水。這些自然特徵被詩人細緻地描繪出來,包括表面的百里香香氣、到處噴湧的泉水以及小魚悠游的私人池塘。

  • 「Mark these rounded slopes / With their surface fragrance of thyme and, beneath, / A secret system of caves and conduits」
  • 「hear the springs / That spurt out everywhere with a chuckle」
  • 第二段:人性與自然的契合

    Auden將石灰岩地形比作母親的形象,認為它是調皮兒子的理想背景。這個兒子在陽光下倚靠著岩石,從不懷疑自己雖然有缺點但仍被愛著。這裡暗示了石灰岩地形的包容性,就像母親對孩子的接納一樣。

  • 「What could be more like Mother or a fitter background / For her son, the flirtatious male who lounges / Against a rock in the sunlight」
  • 第三段:質疑與反思

    然而,詩中也提出了疑問:這樣的環境是否適合英雄?對於那些堅持鑽石般絕對真理的人來說,他們可能更喜歡堅硬永恆的花崗岩紀念碑,而非柔軟易溶的石灰岩。「Their pedantic boring cry stuns the quiet voices / That whisper from the shadowy depths of the limestone」 這句話表達了對過於嚴肅和教條主義的批評。

    第四段:石灰岩的溫柔和親密

    詩人強調石灰岩地形的柔和與親密感:「But what more gentle / Than the caress of limestone underfoot?」 這種地形邀請人們輕輕踏步,無需恐懼地生活。這裡傳達了一種與自然和諧共存的理念。

    第五段:信仰與歷史的敘事

    在石灰岩地區,沒有教堂或寺廟來打斷土地的平滑敘事。信仰是一種手牽手走過田野的行為,歷史則是由大地本身講述的故事,關於漸變、適應和生存。「Here faith / Is a matter of walking, hand in hand, / Through fields where the cattle graze and the olive trees / Shimmer against the blue horizon」

    第六段:結尾的寧靜與歸屬感

    最後一段,Auden呼籲那些喜愛嚴酷永恆真理的花崗岩詩人去慶祝他們的信仰,而我們則選擇留在石灰岩之中,聆聽從地底深處冒出來的泉水聲。我們滿足於知道自己的小生命是更大節奏的一部分,一個創造與衰敗的循環,使我們即使不能永生,至少也能找到歸屬感。

  • 「Content to know that our small lives are part / Of a larger rhythm, a cycle of creation / And decay that makes us, if not immortal, / At least at home」
  • 「For here, amidst the fragrant thyme / And the laughter of water, we find our true selves, / Our place in the world, and the peace that comes / From knowing we belong」
  • 總結

    整首詩通過對石灰岩地形的讚美,表達了對自然的熱愛、對人性的理解以及對信仰和歷史的思考。Auden巧妙地將自然景觀與人文情感結合在一起,呈現出一幅和諧共生的美好畫卷。

    重點

    這首詩以石灰岩地形為隱喻,反思人類存在的脆弱性與韌性,並提醒我們珍惜自然環境所蘊含的智慧;詩中將地理特徵與道德觀念相結合,闡述了平凡事物中的深刻真理,啟發讀者重新審視自身與周遭世界的關係。

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