[English 101] DRIVING DIRECTIONS - Expressions for left, right, straight, and landmarks

Teaching Material

Start exploring key vocabulary for giving and understanding driving directions. These words and phrases cover everything from simple turns to specialized road features, helping you lead or follow routes smoothly.

Turn left at the next traffic light.

Left (adverb/adjective/noun) - A direction opposite right, used to indicate a turn or movement
Use ‘left’ to direct someone to move or turn in that direction. Always pair with clear landmarks or street names if possible, so drivers know exactly where to go. Ideal for giving short, direct instructions.
“Should I keep going straight?” “No, take a left at the gas station.”
Take a left - Commonly used in everyday directions, e.g., “Take a left onto Main Street.”

Turn right at the red building on the corner.

Right (adverb/adjective/noun) - A direction opposite left, used to indicate a turn or movement
Use ‘right’ to direct a turn or highlight a position. Pair it with landmarks or street signs to reduce confusion. It’s straightforward and widely used, but double-check that the listener knows which right turn you mean.
“Is it to the right or the left of the park?” “It’s on the right side.”
Make a right - Offers a friendly, colloquial way to instruct someone to turn right.

Go straight for two blocks until you reach the theater.

Straight (adverb/adjective) - Continuing directly ahead without turning
Use ‘straight’ to instruct someone to continue forward without deviation. Combine it with distance indicators or local landmarks. Especially useful after telling someone to pass a certain point before turning.
“Should I turn at the coffee shop?” “No, keep going straight.”

The clock tower is a good landmark when navigating downtown.

Landmark (noun) - A notable object or feature that helps people identify a location
Landmarks are crucial in giving directions. They can be buildings, statues, signs, or natural features. Mentioning a well-known landmark helps ensure the driver knows when to turn or stop, reducing confusion.
“How do I know I’m close?” “Look for the tall blue sculpture as your landmark.”

Turn left at the main intersection with the large traffic light.

Intersection (noun) - A point where two or more roads cross each other
‘Intersection’ indicates where roads meet or cross. Provide additional clues like stop signs or surrounding buildings so the driver can identify the correct junction among many intersections.
“Where do I turn?” “At the intersection with the grocery store on the corner.”

Turn right at the second traffic light after the bridge.

Traffic Light (noun phrase) - A set of colored lights controlling vehicle and pedestrian traffic at intersections
Traffic lights are major markers in driving directions. Specifying which one to use—first, second, or third light—can help the driver navigate multiple intersections. Combine with street names if possible.
“When do I turn onto Oak Street?” “At the first traffic light you see after the gas station.”

Make a left at the stop sign and continue straight for two miles.

Stop Sign (noun phrase) - A traffic sign instructing vehicles to come to a complete halt before proceeding
Stop signs are critical in local neighborhoods where traffic lights may not exist. They serve as clear reference points. Emphasize caution and double-check directions when giving multiple turns near stop signs.
“Where do I go after the park?” “Head to the stop sign and then turn left.”

Take the next exit for downtown, then follow the signs for Main Street.

Exit (noun) - A ramp or road that leads off a highway or freeway
Use ‘exit’ to guide drivers off freeways or major roads. Include the exit number or name for clarity, and add a short direction like ‘eastbound exit’ if needed. This helps avoid missing or taking the wrong exit.
“Which exit do I need?” “Exit 42, it’s labeled ‘City Center.’”

Merge onto the freeway and stay in the right lane for about three miles.

Freeway (noun) - A major highway designed for high-speed travel, usually without tolls or intersections
Mention ‘freeway’ when instructing someone to travel longer distances at higher speeds. Always specify which direction (north, south, east, west) or which lane for upcoming exits to ensure safety.
“Is it faster to take local roads?” “The freeway is quicker if there’s no traffic.”
Highway - In some regions, ‘highway’ and ‘freeway’ are used interchangeably. Always clarify if tolls apply.

Look for a small turn off to the right just after the hill.

Turn Off (phrasal noun) - A place or small road where you leave a main road or highway
‘Turn off’ or ‘turnoff’ can describe a minor exit from a primary road. Useful when official exits are not labeled or when describing rural roads. Mention visible markers if the turn off is easy to miss.
“I missed the turn off.” “No worries, make a U-turn at the next intersection.”

You need to merge into the left lane before the bridge.

Merge (verb) - To join another lane or road smoothly, matching traffic flow
‘Merge’ is key for highway or lane transitions. Emphasize using turn signals, checking blind spots, and adjusting speed. Give warnings early to help drivers prepare to merge safely.
“There’s a lot of traffic.” “Try to merge gradually, signal early.”

Keep left at the fork in the road to stay on Highway 25.

Fork in the Road (noun phrase) - A point where a single road divides into two separate paths
Forks can be confusing. Indicate which branch leads to the driver’s destination. It's important to specify left or right at the fork. Adding a recognizable landmark helps avoid taking the wrong path.
“Which side do I take at the fork?” “Stick to the right path for downtown.”

If you miss the intersection, you can make a U-turn at the next safe spot.

U-turn (noun) - A maneuver to turn around and go in the opposite direction
U-turns let drivers reverse direction. Remind them to watch for “No U-turn” signs or heavy traffic. In some areas, it’s only legal at specific intersections, so check local rules before advising a U-turn.
“I passed the store. What now?” “Take a U-turn when possible and head back.”

At the roundabout, take the second exit toward the city center.

Roundabout (noun) - A circular road junction in which traffic flows continuously around a central island
Roundabouts can be tricky for unfamiliar drivers. Instruct them on which exit to choose (first, second, etc.). Emphasize yielding to ongoing traffic already inside the circle and using turn signals appropriately.
“How do I navigate a roundabout?” “Slow down, yield to cars inside, and exit on your chosen exit lane.”

There’s construction on Main Street, so you’ll need to follow the detour signs.

Detour (noun) - A different or longer route taken to avoid problems or closures on the normal path
Use ‘detour’ when road closures or accidents force a change in route. Follow official detour signage if provided, or offer an alternate path. It’s important for local drivers and out-of-town visitors alike.
“Why is this route so long?” “We’re on a detour because the main road is closed.”

You can take the back road through the countryside to avoid traffic.

Back Road (noun phrase) - A secondary or less-traveled road, often smaller and more scenic than main roads
Helpful if you want to avoid congestion or tolls. But back roads can be winding or lack clear signage. Warn drivers about potential narrow passages or limited street lighting at night.
“Is there a shortcut?” “Yes, use the back road behind the old farm.”

There’s a shortcut behind the mall that leads directly to the highway.

Shortcut (noun) - A quicker or more direct route than the usual one
Shortcuts are great if you know them well. Mention distinctive signs or features so the driver doesn’t get lost. Always verify current road conditions, as some shortcuts might be blocked or under construction.
“This seems out of the way.” “Trust me, it’s a shortcut that saves ten minutes.”

Drive under the overpass and take the immediate right afterward.

Overpass (noun) - A bridge carrying one road over another
Overpasses are useful markers. Refer to them when they help orient the driver or signal an upcoming exit. Distinguish it from underpasses or tunnels. Clarify whether the driver goes over or under it.
“Where’s the shopping center?” “Right past the overpass on your left.”

After you go through the underpass, turn left at the light.

Underpass (noun) - A road or pedestrian path going underneath another road or railway
An underpass is often a short tunnel or open passage below a main road. Mention it if it’s a critical marker. Some underpasses can be confusing at night, so highlight if it’s safe or well-lit.
“I see a tunnel ahead.” “That’s the underpass—keep going until you spot the next sign.”

Cross the bridge, and the hotel is on your immediate left.

Bridge (noun) - A structure built to span a physical obstacle like a river, valley, or road
Bridges serve as clear directional checkpoints. Many people use them to anchor instructions. Mention if there's a toll or if the driver should watch for specific signs after crossing.
“Is the bridge high?” “Yes, it goes over a wide river, but it’s a key marker for your exit.”

Stay in the right lane if you plan to exit soon.

Lane (noun) - A division of the road for a single line of vehicles
Use lane instructions to help avoid last-minute merges. For highways, specify ‘fast lane,’ ‘slow lane,’ or ‘middle lane’ to clarify. On city streets, talk about the lane that turns vs. goes straight.
“I’m stuck in the fast lane.” “Move over to the right lane for your exit ramp.”

If your car breaks down, pull over to the shoulder with hazard lights on.

Shoulder (noun) - The edge of a road outside the travel lanes, often used for emergencies
This area is primarily for emergency stops. Remind drivers to safely merge onto the shoulder if necessary. Not all roads have wide shoulders, so clarify if there’s enough space to park safely.
“Where do I stop if I have a flat tire?” “Use the shoulder, but be mindful of passing traffic.”

Yield at the roundabout before you enter the circle.

Yield (verb) - To give way; to let another vehicle or pedestrian proceed first
Yield signs require the driver to slow down or stop if needed to let others go first. Emphasize caution, particularly at intersections or merging lanes. Vital in explaining right-of-way rules for safe driving.
“Do I stop here?” “Only if there’s traffic coming. You have to yield.”

You might have to reverse slightly if you miss the narrow driveway.

Reverse (verb) - To drive or move backward
Use ‘reverse’ when instructing someone to back up a short distance. Stress caution: check mirrors, blind spots, and pedestrians. It’s crucial for tight spaces or minor corrections while navigating unfamiliar roads.
“I overshot the parking spot.” “Just reverse carefully, watching your mirrors.”

You can park across the street near the grocery store.

Park (verb) - To stop and leave the vehicle in a designated spot, gear in park (automatic) or in neutral with brake on (manual)
Helpful for final instructions. Indicate permitted spots, especially in busy areas. Remind them of relevant parking signs or time limits if they need to avoid tickets or towing.
“Where should I put my car?” “Park behind the coffee shop. There’s free parking there.”

My house is at the end of the cul-de-sac on Maple Drive.

Cul-de-sac (noun) - A dead-end street with a large round area for turning around at the end
Cul-de-sacs are common in residential areas. Good to mention if that’s where someone must end up or if they need to turn around. Note that it’s a single entry/exit, so watchers out for parked cars or children playing.
“Is there a place to turn around?” “Yes, it’s a cul-de-sac, so you can loop around easily.”

If you head downtown, you’ll see the tall skyscrapers after the river.

Downtown (noun/adverb) - The central business district of a city, often the busiest area
‘Downtown’ can guide you to a central city location. Usually busy with traffic. Indicate if there’s specific parking, one-way streets, or rush-hour restrictions. Helps visitors find the core area of a city.
“Where’s the art museum?” “It’s in the downtown area, near City Hall.”

To reach Uptown, follow Main Street north until you see the older neighborhoods.

Uptown (noun/adverb) - The area of a city north or away from the central business district, sometimes more residential
Cities sometimes use ‘Uptown’ differently. If it’s part of local lingo, clarify. Useful for larger cities with distinct zones. Add extra direction references if the local definitions of uptown/downtown differ.
“Is the university downtown?” “No, it’s actually uptown near the old library.”

Drive slowly near the school crosswalk in case children are crossing.

Crosswalk (noun) - A designated place for pedestrians to cross the street
Mention crosswalks to highlight pedestrian zones. Drivers should remain cautious and yield to people crossing. Use it as a marker when describing an area close to schools, shops, or intersections.
“Why did you stop?” “Pedestrians are at the crosswalk.”

Be careful; Pine Avenue is one-way going northbound only.

One-way (adjective/noun) - A street or road where traffic moves in a single direction
One-way streets can confuse unfamiliar drivers. Emphasize the direction to prevent illegal or dangerous turns. Indicate the next chance to reverse direction or re-enter two-way traffic if needed.
“Why can’t I turn left there?” “It’s a one-way street in the opposite direction.”

Luckily, Main Street is two-way, so you can approach from either side.

Two-way (adjective) - A street that allows traffic in both directions
Good for clarifying that traffic flows both ways. If drivers are used to one-way systems, confirming two-way can help. Also relevant for parking: check signage if it’s two-way with curb restrictions.
“Is it safe to do a U-turn?” “No, but it’s a two-way street, so you can turn into a driveway ahead.”

You can’t drive through that pedestrian zone on weekends; it’s closed to cars.

Pedestrian Zone (noun phrase) - An area designated primarily or exclusively for pedestrian use, often restricted to vehicles
Used in city centers or tourist areas. Drivers should find alternate routes to avoid fines. Always mention key times or days if the zone’s restrictions are temporary (e.g., weekends or special events).
“Why is the street blocked?” “It’s turned into a pedestrian zone for the festival.”

Don’t go down Elm Street—it’s a dead end with no through traffic.

Dead End (noun phrase) - A street with no exit at the other end, requiring drivers to turn around
Crucial to mention so drivers don’t get stuck. Some dead ends have space to turn around, others are tight. If describing a location in a dead-end street, specify how or where to park or turn.
“Is there another exit?” “No, that’s a dead end. You’ll have to turn back.”

Use GPS if you’re unsure about the last few turns on your route.

GPS (noun) - Global Positioning System, a navigation tool used to determine location and guide routes
A common aid for directions. If instructing someone, confirm your directions match what a typical GPS might say—some devices suggest different routes. Great as a backup when local knowledge is missing.
“How will I find your place?” “I’ll text you the address; your GPS should handle it.”
Sat Nav - Another term for in-car navigation systems. Use it if talking with UK-based drivers.

Open your map app and type in the restaurant name for step-by-step directions.

Map App (noun phrase) - A smartphone application (like Google Maps or Apple Maps) used for navigation
‘Map app’ is widely understood. They can provide real-time traffic data or alternate routes. Encourage drivers to cross-reference your instructions with app suggestions if they’re traveling alone or uncertain.
“Where do I turn again?” “Check the map app for a quick refresher.”

What’s the best route to avoid traffic jams this morning?

Route (noun) - A planned or recommended path from one place to another
Use ‘route’ to discuss the overall path. Different from a single turn or direction step. Often used when comparing multiple ways to get somewhere. Good for summarizing the entire trip or travel plan.
“I need a fast way to the airport.” “Try taking the back route; it’s usually quieter.”

If you prefer landmark-based directions, look for the diner with the neon sign.

Landmark-Based Directions (noun phrase) - Instructions that reference notable sites instead of street names
Some find it easier to navigate by landmarks. When giving such directions, pick iconic or easily visible features. Clarify if there might be multiple similar landmarks in the area.
“I don’t remember all the street names.” “Let’s do landmark-based directions, like the big stadium on your left.”

Turn left onto Broadway after the grocery store.

Street Name (noun phrase) - The official name or title of a road used for addressing or navigation
Street names provide accuracy. Combine them with cardinal directions (North, South, etc.) if multiple segments exist. In areas with frequent road name changes, confirm the correct one to avoid confusion.
“Which street name do I look for?” “It’s River Road—can’t miss the sign at the intersection.”

Head east on Main Street, then turn south at the museum.

Cardinal Directions (noun phrase) - North, South, East, and West—basic directional references
Cardinal directions can be more precise than left/right if the area is well-labeled or the driver has a compass or GPS. Great for highways or long stretches. Ensure the person is comfortable with them.
“Is it left or right?” “Head north for two miles, then turn west toward the mountains.”

Use your high beams on that rural stretch, but switch them off when oncoming cars approach.

High Beam (noun phrase) - Bright, long-range headlights used for improved visibility at night on open roads
Mention ‘high beam’ for nighttime directions in remote areas. They help see far ahead but can blind oncoming traffic. Remind drivers to switch back to low beams near other vehicles or in lit zones.
“It’s really dark out here.” “Turn on your high beams, but remember to dim them for other drivers.”

In the city, low beams are enough due to streetlights everywhere.

Low Beam (noun phrase) - Normal headlights used for typical driving, providing adequate visibility without glaring others
Basic for everyday driving, low beams maintain safety without dazzling oncoming traffic. Use them in city areas, behind other cars, or in moderate traffic. You can highlight their use when cautioning about courtesy on the road.
“Should I use high beams downtown?” “No, low beams are standard in well-lit areas.”

The speed limit on the highway is 65 miles per hour here.

Speed Limit (noun phrase) - The maximum or minimum legal speed drivers may travel on a road
Speed limits vary by location. Mention them if the route changes from a highway to a local street. Helpful for drivers unfamiliar with local rules or roads with sudden changes in speed regulations.
“Am I going too fast?” “Yes, the speed limit drops to 45 past the tunnel.”

You might want to overtake that truck on the uphill stretch.

Overtake (verb) - To pass a slower vehicle by moving into another lane temporarily
Overtaking is common on highways or country roads. Remind drivers to check mirrors and blind spots before shifting lanes. Emphasize legal passing zones and caution around corners or limited visibility areas.
“This car is so slow.” “Wait for a clear lane, then overtake safely.”
Pass - Often used in casual speech: “Pass that slow-moving van when it’s safe.”

Don’t forget to do a shoulder check when merging onto the highway.

Shoulder Check (noun phrase) - A quick glance over your shoulder to check blind spots before changing lanes
Essential for safe lane changes or turns, as mirrors might miss close vehicles. Mention it during instructions if the driver is new or might forget. It’s standard in defensive driving tips.
“Why do I need to look back?” “Mirrors don’t show everything, so a shoulder check prevents accidents.”

Activate your hazard lights if you have to stop on the shoulder.

Hazard Lights (noun phrase) - Flashing lights used to warn others of a temporary or emergency situation
Hazard lights indicate problems or unusual stops. Use them when you’re stationary in potentially dangerous spots or moving slowly due to an emergency. Warn drivers behind you to reduce collisions.
“Car trouble?” “Yes, I turned on my hazard lights and pulled over.”

Honk if you see my car parked on the street so I can come out.

Honk (verb) - To use a car horn, typically for warning or alerting
Honking can be a signal or courtesy alert in local driving culture. In some places, overusing the horn is frowned upon. Mention it if you need a quick way to get attention or confirm your arrival.
“Shall I knock or ring the bell?” “Just honk once you arrive.”
Beep - ‘Beep’ is a lighter term, used for a quick tap on the horn.

Take the off-ramp for Route 10, then follow signs for the city center.

Off-Ramp (noun) - A road used to exit a highway or freeway
Off-ramps are essential points for leaving major roads. Similar to ‘exit,’ but specifically the physical ramp. Mention any caution for tight curves or merges at the end of the off-ramp.
“Is this the right off-ramp?” “Yes, it’ll curve around and lead you downtown.”

Use the on-ramp after the gas station to merge onto Highway 202.

On-Ramp (noun) - A road that leads onto a highway or freeway, allowing vehicles to accelerate and merge with traffic
On-ramps let you accelerate to match highway speed. Instruct drivers to watch for yield signs or merging traffic. Knowing the correct on-ramp is crucial when multiple freeways intersect.
“Where do I get onto the freeway?” “Just take that on-ramp at the curve.”

Adjust your rearview mirror before starting the trip to minimize blind spots.

Rearview Mirror (noun phrase) - The interior mirror that lets drivers see behind them through the rear window
Essential for changing lanes or reversing. Remind drivers to adjust it properly before driving. It’s often combined with side mirrors for full awareness, especially in high-traffic or highway conditions.
“I can’t see that car behind me.” “Check your rearview mirror more often.”

Always glance at your side mirror before merging onto a busy road.

Side Mirror (noun phrase) - Exterior mirrors on both sides of the vehicle to observe traffic behind or in adjacent lanes
Vital for lane changes and turns. Encourage frequent checks to track nearby vehicles. Side mirrors can be angled to reduce blind spots. They complement the rearview mirror in maintaining situational awareness.
“Why is that car so close?” “It’s in your side mirror’s blind spot.”

Check your blind spot by turning your head before switching lanes.

Blind Spot (noun phrase) - An area around the vehicle the driver cannot see in the mirrors
Critical for safe driving. Blind spots vary by vehicle design. Encourage physically looking over the shoulder to ensure no vehicles, cyclists, or pedestrians are hidden from mirror view.
“I almost didn’t see that motorcycle.” “It was in your blind spot, so do a shoulder check.”

Signal your lane change, then merge smoothly when it’s clear.

Lane Change (noun phrase) - Moving from one lane to another while driving on a multi-lane road
Lane changes require signaling, checking mirrors, and verifying blind spots. Emphasize caution and gradual movement. Frequent lane changes can disrupt traffic, so do it only when necessary for turns or passing.
“I need to get around that slow truck.” “Go for a lane change, but watch for passing cars.”

Remember to signal well in advance before exiting.

Signal (verb/noun) - To use the vehicle’s turn indicator to show an intended turn or lane change
Signaling is fundamental to safe driving. Indicate any turn or lane change in time for other drivers to react. Stress the importance of courtesy and legality: failing to signal can cause accidents or tickets.
“Why did that car honk at me?” “You changed lanes without signaling.”

If you’re lost, pull over safely and check your map app.

Pull Over (phrasal verb) - To move to the side of the road and stop
Use ‘pull over’ to instruct stopping or pausing the trip, especially for emergencies or quick phone checks. Emphasize safety, turning on signals, and choosing a shoulder or safe area to avoid blocking traffic.
“I need to answer this phone call.” “Then pull over; it’s safer.”

Avoid idling too long at the curb to reduce pollution and save fuel.

Idling (verb/noun (gerund)) - Running a vehicle’s engine while it is not in motion
Some places have rules against idling. Mention it for courtesy in residential areas or where signage indicates time limits. It’s relevant in conversation about saving gas or waiting for passengers.
“Should I turn off the engine?” “If you’re waiting more than a minute, yes—don’t idle.”

Take Route 95 north until you see signs for the state border.

Route Number (noun phrase) - An official numeric label assigned to a highway or major road (e.g., Route 66)
Route numbers appear on road signs, maps, and GPS. Provide them when referencing highways to avoid confusion if roads have multiple names. Indicate direction (north, south, etc.) for clarity.
“Which highway do I need?” “Follow Route 47 for about 20 miles.”

If you take the toll road, it’s faster, but you’ll have to pay at the booth.

Toll Road (noun phrase) - A road or highway where users pay a fee for access or use
Mention toll roads if drivers might not have change or the right pass. Some areas have cashless tolls, so instruct about e-tickets or passes. Always highlight the cost and potential time savings vs. free routes.
“Is there a cheaper option?” “Yes, the local road is free, but it might be slower than the toll road.”

Slow down as you approach the toll booth and have your payment ready.

Toll Booth (noun phrase) - A station where drivers pay a fee to use a toll road or bridge
Warn drivers in advance if they need cash or electronic payment. Speed limits often drop near toll booths. If multiple booths exist, choose the correct lane (cash vs. electronic pass) to avoid confusion.
“Why is traffic backed up?” “There’s a toll booth ahead, so cars are queuing.”

If you have time, take the scenic route along the coastline for beautiful views.

Scenic Route (noun phrase) - A more visually appealing path that might be longer than the standard one
Great for travelers who want to enjoy sights. Emphasize that it might take longer. If safety or weather conditions are uncertain, mention it. Perfect for leisurely drives or tourism.
“Should I go the quickest way?” “If you’re not in a rush, the scenic route is lovely.”

If you miss the exit, use the next crossover to head back south.

Crossover (noun) - A small connecting road that allows drivers to switch directions on a divided highway
Not all highways permit crossovers for public use; some are official or emergency only. Ensure it’s legal before advising it. They’re common in rural highways or certain countries with divided roads.
“Is there a quick way to turn around here?” “Yes, there’s a crossover ahead if you’re allowed to use it.”

If you have more than one passenger, you can use the carpool lane to beat traffic.

Carpool Lane (noun phrase) - A special lane reserved for vehicles with multiple passengers to encourage ridesharing
Useful to mention in congested metropolitan areas. Carpool lanes often have specific rules or hours. Clarify occupant requirements (e.g., 2+ or 3+). Violations can incur steep fines, so caution is advised.
“Can I drive solo in that lane?” “No, the carpool lane requires at least two people.”

Expect slow traffic due to a lane closure near the tunnel.

Lane Closure (noun phrase) - When one or more lanes are temporarily blocked off, usually for construction or accidents
Drivers should be prepared to merge early or follow posted detours. Mention it if giving route advice during construction season. Helps them plan extra time or choose alternate roads.
“Why is everything backed up?” “There’s a lane closure for roadwork ahead.”

After the interstate, switch to the local road that goes into the neighborhood.

Local Road (noun phrase) - A smaller street or road serving nearby residents or businesses, not a highway
Local roads often have lower speed limits, more stops, or traffic lights. Good for final approach to a destination. Emphasize any specifics like street parking or narrow lanes if relevant.
“Should I stay on the highway?” “No, take the local road exit; it’s more direct.”

There’s a short access road behind the warehouse that leads to the main boulevard.

Access Road (noun phrase) - A small road that provides local access to properties or connects with a main highway
Typically found near freeways or large commercial areas. They help vehicles enter or leave major roads. Clarify if it’s one-way or has limited entrances. Perfect for shortcuts or local deliveries.
“Am I on the right path?” “Yes, follow the access road until it merges with the highway.”

Take the frontage road to reach the shopping complex just off the highway.

Frontage Road (noun phrase) - A road running parallel to a highway, giving local access to homes or businesses
Frontage roads can be tricky to spot; they often have separate entry points. Great to mention if a business is near a freeway. Sometimes called “service road” in other regions, so clarify local terminology.
“I see buildings along the highway. How do I get there?” “Use the frontage road—there’s an entrance near the billboard.”
Service Road - Popular in some areas, especially in the UK or certain U.S. states.

Watch your steering so you don’t drift into the next lane.

Drift (verb) - To unintentionally move out of one’s lane or off the intended path
Drifting often happens when drivers are tired or distracted. Emphasize paying attention or adjusting for wind or road conditions. Mention it if roads are narrow or require precise lane-keeping.
“The wind is strong.” “Yes, keep a firm grip on the wheel to avoid drifting.”

There’s a shoulder closure ahead, so pull over before that if needed.

Shoulder Closure (noun phrase) - When the road’s shoulder is blocked off for construction or emergencies, not accessible for stopping
Important if you might need an emergency stop or if traffic uses the shoulder as a lane during peak times. Mention it for safety, so the driver doesn’t plan to pull over where it’s blocked.
“Why are the cones on the shoulder?” “It’s a shoulder closure for repairs.”

Stop at the scenic overlook for a great view of the valley.

Scenic Overlook (noun phrase) - A designated spot by the road providing a view of a landscape or landmark
Perfect for road trips. Overlooks often have parking areas. Mention any signs pointing to it. Remind drivers to re-check traffic when merging back onto the main road, as re-entry can be tricky.
“Is there a photo spot?” “Yes, there’s a scenic overlook a mile ahead.”

Don’t drive in the bus lane during peak hours, or you’ll get a fine.

Bus Lane (noun phrase) - A lane reserved primarily for buses, sometimes allowing taxis or bikes
Found in urban areas, bus lanes reduce congestion for public transport. Warn drivers to avoid them except where permitted (some allow right turns). Fines for misuse can be high.
“This lane is empty.” “Careful, it’s a bus lane. Only buses can use it.”

Expect slower traffic up ahead where the road narrows to a single lane.

Road Narrows (verb phrase used as a sign or description) - A sign or condition indicating the lanes become fewer or narrower
Prepare to merge or reduce speed. Typically indicated by signage. Let drivers know in advance to avoid sudden lane changes or collisions. Keep an eye out for potential congestion or bottlenecks.
“Why is everyone merging?” “The road narrows after the overpass.”

Be cautious on the S-curve; the speed limit drops there.

S-Curve (noun phrase) - A winding stretch of road that forms an 'S' shape
Emphasize caution and a lower speed in an S-curve. Wet or icy conditions make it more dangerous. Good to mention for scenic routes with abrupt changes or mountainous/hilly terrain.
“Why is the road so twisty?” “It’s an S-curve, so slow down for safety.”

Drive carefully around the hairpin turn—there’s a steep drop on the side.

Hairpin Turn (noun phrase) - An extremely sharp turn on a road, reversing direction almost 180 degrees
Common in mountainous or winding roads. Stress low speed, possible blind spots, and readiness for oncoming traffic. Usually well-marked with warning signs. Good to mention if it’s a big hazard for new drivers.
“I’m not used to such tight corners.” “Slow way down for that hairpin turn.”

During rush hour, the shoulder lane becomes an extra lane to reduce traffic.

Shoulder Lane (noun phrase) - When the shoulder is opened for driving during peak hours to ease congestion
Unique traffic management strategy. Not everywhere. Clarify times and signs. If traveling outside these times, it’s illegal to drive there. Mention to avoid confusion or potential tickets.
“I saw cars on the shoulder.” “Yes, it’s a shoulder lane allowed from 4pm to 6pm.”

At the T-junction, turn right onto Maple Avenue.

T-Junction (noun phrase) - An intersection where one road meets another at a right angle, forming a 'T' shape
Useful in rural or suburban areas. If the main road continues left or right, specify which direction. T-junctions can sometimes have limited visibility, so caution is advised.
“There’s a T-junction ahead. Which way?” “Left to head back into town.”

There’s a quick jog in the road; stay alert or you’ll miss the second turn.

Jog (noun) - A slight shift in the road alignment that moves left or right briefly, then resumes the main direction
A ‘jog’ is subtle but can cause confusion if unprepared. Good for local roads that shift around property lines or natural obstacles. Warn drivers so they don’t overshoot or drift off course.
“Why does the street zigzag?” “It’s just a jog around the park.”

You’ll see the ocean on both sides while crossing the causeway into the island.

Causeway (noun) - A raised road or track across low or wet ground, or across a stretch of water
Causeways often connect mainland to an island. Weather or tides might affect safety, so mention if it floods or closes under certain conditions. Perfect for coastal or lagoon areas’ directions.
“Is there a bridge?” “Technically, it’s a causeway—still safe for your car.”

Take the mountain pass for a scenic drive and to avoid highway tolls.

Pass (noun) - A navigable route through high terrain like mountains
Mountain passes can be seasonal. Drivers should check conditions, especially in harsh weather. Good if travelers want scenic views or a direct route over mountainous areas, but caution about altitude or narrow roads.
“Is that road open in winter?” “Sometimes they close the pass due to snow.”

Expect a bottleneck near the stadium entrance during game time.

Bottle Neck (noun) - A narrow point in the road causing traffic congestion
Bottlenecks drastically reduce traffic flow. Point them out so drivers can plan extra time or find alternative routes. They often form near merges, lane closures, or major intersections.
“Why is it so slow here?” “There’s a bottleneck where two lanes merge into one.”

Avoid downtown at rush hour or you’ll be stuck in gridlock.

Gridlock (noun) - A situation where traffic is so heavy that vehicles cannot move effectively in any direction
Common in busy urban areas. Suggest alternate times or routes to avoid gridlock. If necessary, mention a side street or detour to bypass the jam. Useful for city driving directions during peak hours.
“Why does it take so long?” “We’re in total gridlock—nobody can move.”

Try leaving earlier to avoid commuter traffic on I-90.

Commuter Traffic (noun phrase) - Heavy flow of vehicles during peak travel hours, typically morning and evening rush times
If someone’s traveling around typical rush hours, warn them. Suggest traveling off-peak or using HOV/carpool lanes if possible. A key factor in adjusting estimated arrival times and route choices.
“Why is the highway jammed?” “It’s commuter traffic; everyone’s heading home.”

We’ll meet near mile marker 22 on Route 7.

Mile Marker (noun phrase) - A sign indicating the distance along a highway from a reference point
Very handy on rural highways or interstates for precise location references. If your instructions rely on mile markers, ensure the driver knows how to recognize them. They’re typically posted along the roadside.
“Where exactly on this long highway?” “Check your odometer; we’re at mile marker 35.”

Stop at the rest area after mile marker 50 if you need a break.

Rest Area (noun phrase) - A roadside facility with amenities like restrooms, picnic tables, and parking
Often found on highways. Great for pit stops. Sometimes they close at night or have reduced services. Good to mention if traveling long distances or with family needing breaks.
“I need a quick bathroom stop.” “There’s a rest area about five miles up.”

Fill up at the service station before the long stretch of highway.

Service Station (noun phrase) - A gas station or area providing fuel, maintenance, or supplies to drivers
Essential for travelers on extended routes. Some highways have limited stations. Suggest fueling up if the next station is far. Also call it a ‘gas station’ or ‘petrol station’ depending on the region.
“We’re almost out of gas.” “There’s a service station two miles ahead.”
Gas station - Use ‘gas station’ in everyday US contexts. People typically look for them to refuel or grab snacks.

There’s a pull out where you can take photos of the canyon.

Pull Out (noun phrase) - A small area at the side of the road for vehicles to stop briefly without obstructing traffic
Often found on scenic routes or winding roads, giving a brief safe space to park. Not intended for long stops. Good for quick phone checks, letting faster vehicles pass, or enjoying views.
“I need to check my phone’s map.” “Use the pull out on the left; it’s safer than the shoulder.”

If you’re driving a truck, follow the truck route signs to avoid low bridges.

Truck Route (noun phrase) - A road designated or recommended for use by heavy vehicles
Important if operating large or commercial vehicles. Some roads ban or restrict trucks due to weight limits or clearance issues. Direct them to the official route for safe and legal travel.
“Can big rigs use Main Street?” “No, they must take the truck route around downtown.”

Get into the left turn lane at the intersection to head toward the mall.

Turn Lane (noun phrase) - A designated lane for vehicles making a turn, often with separate traffic signals
Turn lanes prevent blocking through-traffic. Indicate them early so drivers can merge in time. Some have specialized signals or arrows. Provide direction on which turn lane if multiple exist (left vs. right).
“Which lane do I pick?” “Use the turn lane with the arrow signal.”

Wait for the green arrow signal before making your left turn.

Arrow Signal (noun phrase) - A traffic light with an arrow indicating a protected turn
Arrow signals create a protected phase for turning vehicles. If drivers don’t see a green arrow, they must yield. Clarify differences between solid green lights (yield turns) and arrow signals (protected turns).
“Why isn’t it turning green?” “It’s an arrow signal, so you must wait for your protected turn.”

Drive slowly through the neighborhood; there are speed bumps on every block.

Speed Bump (noun) - A raised hump in the road designed to slow traffic in residential or pedestrian areas
Speed bumps protect pedestrians by forcing cars to reduce speed. Mention them in directions within residential complexes, school zones, or parking lots. Drivers might not notice them at night without signage.
“Why is everyone slowing down?” “There’s a speed bump up ahead.”

There’s a speed hump near the park entrance to slow cars, but it’s not as sharp as a speed bump.

Speed Hump (noun) - A longer, gentler version of a speed bump, typically reducing speed less drastically
Less abrupt than speed bumps, but still encourages safer speeds. Mention them in neighborhoods or near parks. The difference is subtle; still caution drivers to reduce speed to avoid jarring rides or damage.
“Is that a bump in the road?” “Yes, a speed hump. Just slow down a bit.”

The road has a concrete divider in the middle, so you can’t make a left turn there.

Divider (noun) - A barrier or raised area separating opposing lanes of traffic
Dividers prevent crossing or direct turning. Drivers must find a gap or official turn lane. Always highlight if it’s continuous or if breaks exist for U-turns. Minimizes head-on collisions but impacts route decisions.
“Can I cross over?” “No, there’s a divider. You must go to the next intersection.”

Watch out for that big pothole by the old store—it can damage your tires.

Pothole (noun) - A depression or hole in the road surface caused by wear or weather
Potholes can cause accidents or vehicle damage. Warn drivers if a major one lies in their path. Typically found on older or less-maintained roads. If possible, mention approximate location or safe ways around it.
“Why did I swerve?” “There’s a pothole. It’s best to slow down or steer around it.”

Be sure not to park too far from the curb, or you might block traffic.

Curb (noun) - The raised edge of a sidewalk or road
When giving directions in the city, mention if curb parking is available or if it’s painted for loading zones. Remind drivers about local parking rules, e.g., no curb parking on certain days or times.
“Where do I pull up?” “Align your tires close to the curb but don’t scrape it.”

Pull into the driveway, and the valet will park your car.

Valet (noun/verb) - A parking service where an attendant parks your car for you, common at hotels or restaurants
Helpful in busy urban spots or special events. Drivers only need to approach the drop-off point. Mention any cost or tip expectations. Ideal for visitors unfamiliar with local parking complexities.
“There’s no street parking.” “No worries, they have valet right at the entrance.”

Stop briefly in the loading zone to drop me off, but don’t leave the car unattended.

Loading Zone (noun phrase) - An area reserved for loading or unloading passengers or goods
Loading zones typically have time restrictions. Emphasize it’s not for long-term parking. Perfect for quick pick-ups or deliveries. Mention any posted signs so the driver avoids fines.
“Where can I drop these boxes?” “Use the loading zone by the side entrance.”

There are handicapped parking spots right by the entrance for permit holders.

Handicapped Parking (noun phrase) - Designated spaces for drivers with valid disabled parking permits
Highlight these spots only if the driver has the required permit. Fines for misuse can be large. If the driver or passenger needs accessibility, mention the location of handicapped parking for convenience.
“Can I park here?” “Only if you have a handicap permit. Otherwise, it’s illegal.”
Accessible parking - Used in some regions to be more inclusive and emphasize accessibility.

You’ll find a parking garage next to the mall if street parking is full.

Parking Garage (noun phrase) - A multi-level building where vehicles can be parked, often in city centers
Parking garages can be large, sometimes with fees or time limits. Indicate which level or entrance if you know specifics. Good for city directions, especially near offices or shopping centers.
“Where can I park downtown?” “Use the public parking garage off Fifth Avenue.”

Bring some coins or a credit card for the parking meter on Main Street.

Parking Meter (noun phrase) - A device that collects payment for on-street parking for a limited period
Mention it so drivers come prepared. Some cities allow app payments or credit cards. If time is limited, mention how to extend it or typical enforcement hours. Avoid tickets or towing by paying properly.
“I don’t have change.” “Many parking meters now accept cards or phone payments.”

Don’t leave your car in the no parking zone by the hydrant.

No Parking Zone (noun phrase) - An area where vehicles are not permitted to park, often marked by signs or curb color
Essential for avoiding fines or towing. Identify signage or colored curb (red/yellow) that designates no parking. If giving directions near these zones, mention alternative safe spots.
“Can I leave the car here?” “It’s a no parking zone, you’ll get towed.”

There’s a drop-off point in front of the theater for quick passenger unloading.

Drop-off Point (noun phrase) - A designated place to let passengers exit a vehicle quickly
Often found at airports, concert halls, or public buildings. Typically, short stops only. Mention if extended parking is disallowed. Good if giving directions for quick passenger handovers or ride-share pickups.
“Where should I let you out?” “Stop at the drop-off point so I can head straight in.”

Follow the rural route signs, then turn down the gravel road to reach the farmhouse.

Rural Route (noun phrase) - A mail delivery or general address designation in the countryside, or simply a less-traveled countryside path
Rural routes can lack conventional addresses. Use descriptive info like barns, fences, or local mailbox clusters. Double-check that the driver is comfortable navigating less-developed roads with fewer landmarks.
“Are there street names out there?” “It’s mostly a rural route number; just watch for the barn.”

Stay on the paved road, and you won’t get stuck in the mud.

Paved Road (adjective + noun) - A road covered with asphalt or concrete, as opposed to dirt or gravel
In rural or semi-developed regions, mention if the route is paved or not. This helps drivers in standard vehicles avoid trouble on unpaved surfaces. Also clarifies smoother travel vs. bumpy roads.
“Should I turn on that dirt path?” “No, keep to the paved road to avoid rough terrain.”

After the main highway, follow the dirt road for about a mile to reach the cabin.

Dirt Road (noun phrase) - An unpaved road made of earth and gravel
Clarify if the surface is suitable for low-clearance cars, or if it’s slippery in wet conditions. If the driver is unfamiliar, advise slow speeds. Perfect for farmhouses, ranches, or off-grid homes.
“Is it drivable with my sedan?” “Yes, but the dirt road can be bumpy if it rains.”

Drive slowly on the gravel road, as stones can kick up behind your tires.

Gravel Road (noun phrase) - A road surfaced with loose gravel, offering more stability than dirt but less than pavement
Common in rural areas. Less dusty than dirt but can still cause skids if taken too fast. Perfect for short connectors. Mention it if someone’s worried about car condition or tire wear.
“Will my car handle it?” “Yes, just reduce speed on the gravel road for better traction.”

You’ll notice a few pothole patches along this street, so drive smoothly over them.

Pothole Patch (noun phrase) - A repaired section on the road’s surface where a pothole has been filled
Highlight patchwork areas if they’re very bumpy or if the surface remains uneven. This can be especially relevant for motorcyclists or drivers with lower vehicles. Usually means the city is in mid-repair.
“Why is the pavement uneven?” “They’ve done some pothole patches—just go slow.”

Watch for a shoulder drop-off on the right; it’s quite steep.

Shoulder Drop-off (noun phrase) - A noticeable dip or drop from the road surface to the shoulder, which can be dangerous
Can cause loss of control if a tire slips off the pavement edge. Warn drivers especially on rural highways or older roads. Indicate they should stay in-lane and avoid drifting onto that shoulder.
“Is it safe to pull over?” “No, the shoulder drop-off is too high—try a proper pull out.”

Make sure you don’t do a rolling stop here; the police watch this intersection.

Rolling Stop (noun phrase) - Failing to come to a complete stop at a stop sign, instead only slowing down
Illegal in most places. Emphasize the need to stop fully. It’s both a safety and legal requirement at stop signs or red lights. Good to mention if the area is strictly patrolled.
“I slowed down.” “That was a rolling stop; you need to fully stop at the sign.”

Look for the cross street named Pine; that’s where you’ll turn left.

Cross Street (noun phrase) - A street that intersects another street
Crucial for pinpointing corners. Typically used to identify an intersection. If an address is hard to see, referencing cross streets helps. E.g. “We’re at the corner of Maple and Main.”
“I can’t find your building.” “Check the cross street at Elm Avenue—it’s right there.”

Some streets prohibit overnight parking without a permit.

Overnight Parking (noun phrase) - Leaving your vehicle parked in a location for an entire night or a significant portion of it
Cities often have rules or permits for overnight parking. Good to mention for travelers or guests staying in hotels or local residences. Clarify street signs or residential permit systems.
“Can I leave my car here overnight?” “No, you risk a ticket if you park past 2 AM.”

That curb has a two-hour time limit, so set an alarm on your phone.

Time Limit (noun phrase) - The maximum duration allowed for parking in a designated spot
Important for short-term parking zones near shops or offices. Warn drivers if local enforcement is strict. Encourage them to check posted signs or pay for extra time if needed.
“Why did I get a ticket?” “You exceeded the one-hour time limit on that street.”

To reach the island, you’ll have to take the car ferry from Harbor Point.

Car Ferry (noun phrase) - A boat or ship designed to carry vehicles across a body of water
In coastal or river areas, mention it if the route includes crossing water. Check schedules and fees. Some ferries have limited capacity, so suggest arriving early or checking wait times.
“Is there a bridge?” “No, just a car ferry that runs every hour.”

We’ll be caravanning to the campsite, so keep an eye on the lead car’s signals.

Caravanning (verb/noun (gerund)) - Traveling in multiple vehicles as a group following each other
In group trips, caravanning ensures no one gets lost. Emphasize maintaining safe following distances and using consistent speeds or signals. Usually works best with a pre-decided route or two-way radios/phone communication.
“How do I stay together?” “Caravanning means we’ll keep the lead car in front at a comfortable distance.”

After you pass the stadium, just follow the signs for the city center.

Follow the Signs (phrasal verb phrase) - An instruction to pay attention to posted road or directional signs for guidance
Useful when the route is well marked or if you’re uncertain about the exact street names. Encourages the driver to rely on official signage. Always verify signs are clear and up-to-date.
“Which exit do I take?” “Don’t worry, follow the signs marked ‘Downtown.’”

As you turn by the school, watch for pedestrians, especially during morning drop-off.

Watch for Pedestrians (imperative phrase) - An alert to be cautious about people crossing or walking near the road
Common caution in downtown or near schools. Pedestrians may step out unexpectedly, especially in busy or tourist spots. Always slow down or be prepared to stop if you see or suspect foot traffic.
“It’s a busy shopping area.” “Yes, watch for pedestrians crossing mid-block.”

There are several sharp turns; be careful on curves so you don’t drift off lane.

Careful on Curves (imperative phrase) - A caution to reduce speed or pay extra attention when the road bends
Essential for winding roads or hilly terrains. Combined with advice about speed limits or potential oncoming traffic. Helps new drivers or those unfamiliar with local roads avoid accidents.
“Should I slow down?” “Yes, careful on curves—visibility is limited.”

You’ll see a sign saying ‘Slope Ahead,’ so shift to a lower gear if needed.

Slope Ahead (noun phrase or caution sign text) - A warning that the road will incline or decline soon
Inclines affect speed and gear usage, especially for manual transmission or heavy loads. Mention if there’s a major hill or mountain pass. Slopes can also mean a faster descent, so brake carefully.
“Why is my car struggling?” “We’re hitting a steep slope ahead; downshift for control.”

The sign warns of a 7% steep grade, so slow down and use lower gear.

Steep Grade (noun phrase) - A significant incline or decline on the road, often indicated by percentage
Common on mountainous roads. Large vehicles or those towing trailers must reduce speed or risk brake failure. If giving directions, highlight any hairpin turns combined with steep grades.
“Will my car handle it?” “Yes, but watch out. That steep grade can be tricky.”

Route 9 is a winding road along the cliffs, so be cautious at night.

Winding Road (noun phrase) - A route with multiple curves or bends
Warn about extra time needed for travel. Winding roads demand lower speeds, especially if conditions are wet or dark. If there’s an alternative, clarify which route is safer or straighter.
“Why is the trip longer?” “It’s a winding road, so you can’t drive too fast.”

Proceed with caution around the bend; there’s been roadwork lately.

Proceed with Caution (imperative phrase) - An instruction to continue forward carefully, especially where danger or uncertainty is present
A general warning for uncertain or hazardous conditions. Encourages vigilance, lower speed, and readiness to stop or adjust. Good for temporary hazards or partially blocked lanes.
“Can I keep going?” “Yes, but proceed with caution—there might be loose gravel.”

That street is under construction, so take a detour via Main Avenue.

Under Construction (adjective phrase) - Indicating that work is being done on a road, making it partially or fully inaccessible
Often indicates lane closures, uneven pavement, or detours. Drivers should reduce speed and watch for workers. Good to mention an alternate route if the construction is significant or ongoing for a while.
“Why are there barricades?” “The bridge is under construction until next month.”

You can try an alternative route through the industrial park to avoid the festival crowd.

Alternative Route (noun phrase) - Another path suggested to bypass congestion or obstacles
Provide or suggest an alternative route if the main one is congested or closed. Especially helpful if the listener is short on time or if large events block normal roads. Always confirm it’s passable.
“Traffic is awful.” “Check if there’s an alternative route on your map app.”

There was a near miss at the intersection when that car ran the red light.

Near Miss (noun phrase) - A close call or an almost-accident situation
Not a direct driving direction, but relevant if cautioning someone about a dangerous spot or intersection. If a location is known for near misses, emphasize slowing down, signaling, or using a safer route.
“Why are you so tense?” “We just had a near miss with a truck merging without signaling.”

There’s a local ordinance that bans overnight parking on this street.

Local Ordinance (noun phrase) - A municipal rule or regulation that may affect driving or parking
Useful if giving directions in an area with special rules about noise, parking, or street usage. Make travelers aware so they don’t face fines or towing. Check if the listener needs a permit or special pass.
“Why is this not allowed?” “A local ordinance restricts vehicles longer than 20 feet here.”

Watch your speed on that downhill stretch; police often monitor it.

Watch Your Speed (imperative phrase) - An admonition or friendly warning to maintain appropriate velocity for conditions
A quick caution for drivers who might exceed limits. Emphasizes compliance with local speed laws or safety on tricky terrain. Typically used by friends or family wanting to ensure a safe trip.
“I’m running late.” “Better safe than sorry—watch your speed anyway.”

If you need to check your phone, there's a shoulder ahead in about 200 yards.

Shoulder Ahead (noun phrase used as a caution sign) - A sign or caution that a shoulder or pull-over spot is coming up soon
Helpful if a driver needs a safe place to stop. Alert them beforehand so they have time to signal and slow down. Usually accompanied by signage or a wide area to park off the main lane.
“I need to stop for a moment.” “Wait—there’s a sign that says 'Shoulder Ahead.' Pull over there.”

Look for the sign that reads ‘Lakeside Resort’—that’s your turn-off.

Look for the Sign (imperative phrase) - An instruction to pay attention to a specific sign marking the route or destination
Directs attention to a posted sign. Great if the sign is large, unique, or easy to spot. Also helps if street names or smaller signs are unclear or missing. Encourages the driver to be observant.
“I’m not sure which turn is correct.” “Look for the sign with a giant arrow to the ranch.”

You might have spotty coverage in the mountains, so plan your route beforehand.

Spotty Coverage (adjective + noun) - Areas where cellphone or GPS signals may be weak or unreliable
Warn drivers that digital maps or calls may fail. Suggest they memorize key directions or screenshots. Common in rural, mountainous, or remote regions. Emphasize offline maps if traveling far.
“My GPS cut out.” “It’s spotty coverage around here—just keep going until you see the next sign.”

You’ll pass several points of interest like the old fort and the waterfall.

Point of Interest (noun phrase) - A notable location that can be used as a directional clue or destination (e.g., tourist spot, monument)
Useful for travelers or scenic routes. Drivers might want to stop or simply use it as a navigational marker. Encourage them to watch for signage or parking if it’s popular and possibly crowded.
“Anything worth seeing?” “Yes, there’s a point of interest about five miles up the road.”

Our final destination is the lodge at the top of the hill.

Final Destination (noun phrase) - The last stop or end point of a journey
A clear phrase for concluding directions. Use it to emphasize the end point. Combine it with a short summary, e.g., “Drive two miles past the lake, and you’ll be at your final destination.”
“Are we close?” “Just a bit further, then we’ll reach our final destination.”

[English 101] DRIVING DIRECTIONS - Expressions for left, right, straight, and landmarks

Lesson Introduction

Teaching Material

Lesson Summary