木兰花慢(拆桐花烂熳) - 柳永
兰舟回眸，春事阑珊，唯余长恨
拆桐花烂熳，正堤柳困酣，杏花微雨。
The paulownia blooms burst forth; willows on the dike drowse in spring warmth, as a light rain falls on apricot blossoms.
郊外垂鞭，倚桥试马，绿阴处，朱门隐隐东风度。
Outside the city, reins hang loosely as we pause by a bridge to test our steeds; beneath verdant shade, red gates stand faintly, touched by an eastern breeze.
又还吹撼严城，禁烟楼阁，寒食时、芳菲属去。
A brisk wind stirs the fortress walls; during the Cold Food Festival, the towers wreathed in forbidden smoke let bloom and fragrance slip away.
怎放轻衣？往岁章台柳，认得游人旧旅。
How could I cast aside my light robe? Last year’s willows by Changtai once recognized familiar travelers passing by.
但路遥春晚，下楼空怨沈吟，有谁回顾？
But now the road is distant, spring nearly gone; descending the tower, I sigh in vain—who will turn back to look?
羽箭争标，金鞍辞冶，吟鞭处，谁知此恨临分聚？
Arrows strive for the prize, gilded saddles depart the forging yard; as I pause my riding whip, who understands this sorrow at parting?
堪叹芳洲兰棹，画船风静，不似当时鱼雁路。
Alas for the orchid oar at the fragrant isle, painted boats lie still in the breeze—no longer the lively route of fish and geese as before.
记得香闺，夜深共欢游，拥被为郎留住。
I recall the scented boudoir, where late into the night we roamed in joy, huddled under quilts to keep my beloved close.
柳永的《木兰花慢(拆桐花烂熳)》以“桐花烂熳”开篇，即刻带出春日里姹紫嫣红、芳菲初绽的繁丽景象。然而，词中所描绘的并不仅仅是春光的明媚，更包含了对春将逝、聚散终有时的人生况味感怀。
上片通过“堤柳困酣，杏花微雨”的画面，呈现了春天里带着迷离与慵懒的氛围。随着“郊外垂鞭，倚桥试马”一连串动态描写，仿佛能看见一群意气风发的游人策马漫步于春意盎然的郊外。然而，“禁烟楼阁，寒食时、芳菲属去”轻轻一点，就将春华的瞬时与离愁暗暗相连，突出春色难久、人生易逝的主题。
下片着墨于“怎放轻衣？往岁章台柳，认得游人旧旅”，将记忆与当下重叠：去年的柳树，今日却无人再与共赏，人生道路渐行渐远。接着“但路遥春晚”传递出对时节渐晚、相聚难再的感叹。随着“吟鞭处，谁知此恨临分聚？”一句，将别绪推向高潮——不论是离乡还是分别，总有难以言说的牵绊。最终，“堪叹芳洲兰棹，画船风静”强调了外界美景虽仍在，心境却已大不相同。词末“记得香闺，夜深共欢游，拥被为郎留住”遥想往昔温存，加之当下乍暖还寒的失落，更显唏嘘。
全词景中见情，时空交错，让读者在繁花似锦的表象下，感受到作者对年华易逝、好景难留的惆怅。词笔既有烂漫华丽的春景铺陈，也穿插柳永一贯的离愁羁旅之情，折射出宋代文人对世事万端的典型审视：明知草木枯荣自有时节，却依旧为离散离合而牵肠挂肚。正是这份对繁盛之“空”、对生命之叹，使本篇绮丽中见苍凉，余味悠长。
要点
1. 以桐花、柳树、杏花等春日意象描绘繁丽，却暗含惆怅。
2. 叙事与抒情相交织，借回忆与现实对照深化离愁别绪。
3. 结尾以“夜深共欢游”与“拥被留郎”收束，凸显春情易逝、聚散无常之感慨。