[经典名诗] 当我一个傍晚外出散步时 - 现代诗歌中对永恒、时间和人类情感的反思

A serene evening scene with a person walking along a city street lit by warm, glowing streetlights. The background features tall buildings and a soft sky transitioning from dusk to night, with faint silhouettes of clocks subtly integrated into the atmosphere to symbolize the passage of time.

As I Walked Out One Evening - W.H. Auden

当我一个傍晚外出散步时 - W.H. 奥登

一首关于时间与爱情的深刻沉思

As I walked out one evening,
一天傍晚我走了出来,
Walking down Bristol Street,
沿着布里斯托尔街走去,
The crowds upon the pavement
人行道上的人群
Were fields of harvest wheat.
犹如丰收的小麦田。
And down by the brimming river
在涨满水的河边
I heard a lover sing
我听见一位恋人歌唱
Under an arch of the railway:
在铁路拱桥下:
'Love has no ending.
'爱没有尽头。
'I'll love you, dear, I'll love you
'亲爱的,我会爱你,我会爱你
Till China and Africa meet,
直到中国与非洲相遇,
And the river jumps over the mountain
河流跃过山峦
And the salmon sing in the street,
鲑鱼在街道上歌唱,
'I'll love you till the ocean
'我会爱你直到海洋
Is folded and hung up to dry
被折叠起来晾干
And the seven stars go squawking
七星像鹅一样嘎嘎叫着
Like geese about the sky.
飞过天空。
'The years shall run like rabbits,
'岁月将如兔子般奔跑,
For in my arms I hold
因为我怀中拥抱着
The Flower of the Ages,
时代的花朵,
And the first love of the world.'
以及世间的初恋。'
But all the clocks in the city
但城市里的所有钟表
Began to whirr and chime:
开始嗡嗡作响并敲响:
'O let not Time deceive you,
'哦,别让时间欺骗你,
You cannot conquer Time.
你无法征服时间。
'In the burrows of the Nightmare
'在噩梦的洞穴里
Where Justice naked is,
正义赤裸着身子,
Time watches from the shadow
时间从阴影中窥视
And coughs when you would kiss.
当你想要亲吻时咳嗽。
'In headaches and in worry
'在头痛和忧虑中
Vaguely life leaks away,
生命悄然流逝,
And Time will have his fancy
而时间会有他的幻想
To-morrow or to-day.
明天或今天。
'The glacier knocks in the cupboard,
'冰川在橱柜里敲击,
The desert sighs in the bed,
沙漠在床上叹息,
And the crack in the tea-cup opens
茶杯上的裂缝打开
A lane to the land of the dead.
一条通往死亡之地的小径。
'Where the beggars raffle the banknotes
'乞丐们抽奖分钞票
And the Giant is enchanting to Jack,
巨人对杰克施了魔法,
And the Lily-white Boy is a Roarer,
洁白如百合的男孩成了咆哮者,
And Jill goes down on her back.'
吉尔仰面倒下。'
'O plunge your hands in water,
'哦,把你的手浸入水中,
Plunge them in up to the wrist;
一直浸到手腕;
Stare, stare in the basin
凝视,凝视水盆
And wonder what you've missed.
并思索你错过了什么。
  • 诗歌中的某些意象和隐喻可能在中文中缺乏直接对应的表达,因此部分翻译采用了意译的方式以保持原诗的情感和意境。

诗歌背景与概述

《As I Walked Out One Evening》是英国诗人W.H. Auden创作的一首现代主义诗歌。这首诗以第一人称叙述者的视角展开,通过漫步城市街头的场景,描绘了爱情、时间和生命之间的深刻关系。诗歌采用了对话的形式,先是一位恋人的浪漫誓言,接着是城市钟声对这些誓言的回应,最后以时间流逝和河流永恒流淌的画面结束。

逐段解析

诗歌开篇描绘了叙述者在一个傍晚漫步的情景:

As I walked out one evening,
Walking down Bristol Street,
The crowds upon the pavement
Were fields of harvest wheat.

这里的“Bristol Street”代表城市的喧嚣与繁忙,而“fields of harvest wheat”则是一种隐喻,将人群比作丰收的麦田,暗示着生命的丰富与短暂。这种对比为全诗奠定了基调:人类情感的复杂性与时间无情流逝之间的张力。

恋人的誓言

接下来,叙述者听到一位恋人在铁路桥下歌唱,表达他对爱的坚定承诺:

'I'll love you, dear, I'll love you
Till China and Africa meet,
And the river jumps over the mountain
And the salmon sing in the street,

这一段充满了夸张的比喻,如“直到中国和非洲相遇”、“鲑鱼在街上唱歌”,展现了恋人试图超越自然规律去定义永恒的爱情。然而,这些不切实际的比喻也预示了这种承诺的脆弱性。

时间的回应

随后,城市的钟声开始响起,仿佛是对恋人誓言的直接反驳:

But all the clocks in the city
Began to whirr and chime:
'O let not Time deceive you,
You cannot conquer Time.

这里,“时间”被拟人化,成为一个不可战胜的力量。钟声提醒人们,无论多么美好的愿望或誓言,都无法逃脱时间的侵蚀。“You cannot conquer Time”成为全诗的核心主题之一。

时间的冷酷与生命的无常

钟声继续警告:

'In the burrows of the Nightmare
Where Justice naked is,
Time watches from the shadow
And coughs when you would kiss.

这段文字揭示了时间如何潜伏在阴影中,甚至在最亲密的时刻(如接吻)都会打断人类的行为。它强调了生命的无常以及时间对个人幸福的冷漠。

日常中的死亡象征

诗歌进一步用一系列意象来表现时间带来的毁灭:

'The glacier knocks in the cupboard,
The desert sighs in the bed,
And the crack in the tea-cup opens
A lane to the land of the dead.

这些看似平凡的物品——冰川、沙漠、裂缝的茶杯——实际上都指向死亡与衰败。它们说明,即使是在最普通的生活中,时间也在悄悄地侵蚀一切。

童话般的混乱世界

接下来的部分引入了一些童话元素:

'Where the beggars raffle the banknotes
And the Giant is enchanting to Jack,
And the Lily-white Boy is a Roarer,
And Jill goes down on her back.

这里颠覆了传统童话故事的秩序,营造出一种荒诞感。这种混乱象征着现实世界的无序与不确定性。

结尾的沉思

最后,叙述者再次回到夜晚的宁静:

It was late, late in the evening,
The lovers they were gone;
The clocks had ceased their chiming,
And the deep river ran on.

河流的持续流动象征着时间的永恒,而恋人的离去则体现了人类情感的短暂。尽管时间无法被征服,但爱的记忆仍然存在,与时间并存。

总结与意义

《As I Walked Out One Evening》通过对爱情与时间关系的探讨,揭示了人类面对时间流逝时的无力感。诗中的语言既优美又富有哲理,通过丰富的意象和对比,表达了生命的有限性与时间的无限性之间的矛盾。最终,这首诗告诉我们,虽然我们无法战胜时间,但爱依然是值得珍惜的存在。

要点

这首诗通过钟声和河流等意象,表达了爱情虽美好却难以抵挡时间流逝的主题,提醒人们珍惜当下,并思考生命中真正重要的事物。

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