Tintern Abbey - William Wordsworth
廷特恩修道院 - 威廉·华兹华斯
回首岁月山河，守望内心宁静之光
Five years have passed; five summers, with the length
五载岁月已逝；五个夏日，一如漫长寒冬的时长，
Of five long winters! and again I hear
又逢此刻，我再次听见
These waters, rolling from their mountain-springs
那流水，自山中源头蜿蜒滚滚而来，
With a soft inland murmur.—Once again
在内陆发出温柔的低吟。——我再度
Do I behold these steep and lofty cliffs,
凝望这陡峭而巍峨的峭壁，
Which on a wild secluded scene impress
它们在这荒僻幽静的景致中，
Thoughts of more deep seclusion; and connect
令人生发更深的幽寂之思；并与
The landscape with the quiet of the sky.
天宇的宁静相互交融。
The day is come when I again repose
如今时辰已至，我再度于此歇息，
Here, under this dark sycamore, and view
在这棵阴郁的悬铃木下，凝望
These plots of cottage-ground, these orchard-tufts,
那些田舍小块，果树丛丛，
Which at this season, with their unripe fruits,
此时仍挂着未熟的果实，
Are clad in one green hue, and lose themselves
一抹青翠匀染其上，继而消融于
'Mid groves and copses. Once again I see
林间与小丛林。再一次，我看见
These hedge-rows, hardly hedge-rows, little lines
那些篱笆行，不甚分明，仅一些淡淡的线条，
Of sportive wood run wild; these pastoral farms,
那些随意生长的顽皮木篱；这些牧野农庄，
Green to the very door; and wreaths of smoke
绿意直抵家门；还有袅袅炊烟，
Sent up, in silence, from among the trees!
在林中静静升腾！
With some uncertain notice, as might seem
似乎带着些许不确定的讯息，
Of vagrant dwellers in the houseless woods,
是林间流离者的微茫痕迹，
Or of some Hermit's cave, where by his fire
或是某位隐士的洞穴，他在那里守着炉火，
The Hermit sits alone. These beauteous forms,
孑然独坐。这些优美的景象，
Through a long absence, have not been to me
在漫长的离别后，未曾于我成为
As is a landscape to a blind man's eye:
盲者眼中景色那般的空白：
But oft, in lonely rooms, and 'mid the din
反倒常常于寂寞室中，于喧嚣之中，
Of towns and cities, I have owed to them
我会感激它们，
In hours of weariness, sensations sweet,
在倦怠之时，是它们带来甜美的感受，
Felt in the blood, and felt along the heart;
从血液到心脏，身心皆感其味；
And passing even into my purer mind,
并透入我更加纯净的心灵，
With tranquil restoration:—feelings too
予我平和的复苏：——那些感受
Of unremembered pleasure: such, perhaps,
是不曾记起却又在心的愉悦：或许，
As have no slight or trivial influence
它们并非微不足道的影响，
On that best portion of a good man's life,
而是一个高尚人生最珍贵的部分，
His little, nameless, unremembered acts
他的微小、无名、却难以磨灭的善行，
Of kindness and of love. Nor less, I trust,
那些体现善意与爱的点滴。我深信，
To them I may have owed another gift,
我或许还要感激它们带来的另一份恩惠，
Of aspect more sublime; that blessed mood,
更为崇高的启示；那神圣的心境，
In which the burthen of the mystery,
在其中，人生的诸多奥秘重担，
In which the heavy and the weary weight
那沉重且疲惫的羁绊，
Of all this unintelligible world,
这世界种种难解的迷雾，
Is lightened:—that serene and blessed mood,
都得以纾缓：——那安详而被祝福的境地，
In which the affections gently lead us on,—
我们被柔和的情感引领，——
Until, the breath of this corporeal frame
直至，我们的肉体之呼吸
And even the motion of our human blood
以及血脉的跃动
Almost suspended, we are laid asleep
几近停息，我们仿佛陷入沉眠，
In body, and become a living soul:
肉体沉静，却化身为鲜活的灵魂：
While with an eye made quiet by the power
那时，我们的眼，因为
Of harmony, and the deep power of joy,
和谐与深沉喜悦的力量而宁静，
We see into the life of things.
得以洞见万物的本质。
If this
假如这
Be but a vain belief, yet, oh! how oft—
只是虚妄的信念，然而，噢！多少次——
In darkness and amid the many shapes
在黑暗之中，面对纷繁多变的现实，
Of joyless daylight; when the fretful stir
当心绪烦乱，白昼也难见欢愉；
Unprofitable, and the fever of the world,
尘世的浮躁无益，狂热难平，
Have hung upon the beatings of my heart—
于我心跳之际盘桓不去——
How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee,
多少回，我在心灵中，向你回归，
O sylvan Wye! thou wanderer thro' the woods,
林间蜿蜒的怀河啊！你在林木间流淌，
How often has my spirit turned to thee!
多少回，我的灵魂向你涌回！
And now, with gleams of half-extinguished thought,
而今，我脑海闪烁半熄的思绪，
With many recognitions dim and faint,
带着多少模糊又隐约的记忆，
And somewhat of a sad perplexity,
夹杂着几许忧伤的困惑，
The picture of the mind revives again:
心灵的画面再次清晰：
While here I stand, not only with the sense
此刻我伫立于此，不仅以感官
Of present pleasure, but with pleasing thoughts
体会眼前的欢愉，更以愉悦的思绪
That in this moment there is life and food
觉得此刻有活力与心灵的养分
For future years. And so I dare to hope,
供来日汲取。于是我敢于期盼，
Though changed, no doubt, from what I was when first
纵使我已改变，那时初到此地之我
I came among these hills; when like a roe
宛若小鹿般轻快，
I bounded o'er the mountains, by the sides
奔跃于山岭之巅，沿着
Of the deep rivers, and the lonely streams,
幽深的河流与寂静的小溪，
Wherever nature led: more like a man
随处自然带领：那时更似一位
Flying from something that he dreads, than one
逃离恐惧之人，而非
Who sought the thing he loved. For nature then
追寻所爱之人。因为那时的大自然
(The coarser pleasures of my boyish days,
（少年时浮浅的欢愉，
And their glad animal movements all gone by)
以及那种纯粹本能的愉快，都已逝去）
To me was all in all.—I cannot paint
于我而言却是万象圆融。——我难以形容
What then I was. The sounding cataract
那时的我。那轰鸣的瀑布
Haunted me like a passion: the tall rock,
如激情般萦绕于心：高耸的岩石，
The mountain, and the deep and gloomy wood,
群山，以及深沉阴郁的林木，
Their colours and their forms, were then to me
它们的色彩与形貌，于我而言
An appetite; a feeling and a love,
是饥渴般的追求；是一种情感与热爱，
That had no need of a remoter charm,
无需再借助远方的魅力，
By thought supplied, nor any interest
无需思维上的补充，也不需
Unborrowed from the eye.—That time is past,
从视觉之外借力。——那时光已逝，
And all its aching joys are now no more,
那让人欣喜至痛的愉悦亦消失殆尽，
And all its dizzy raptures. Not for this
那让人目眩的狂喜也一并褪去。但并非因此
Faint I, nor mourn nor murmur; other gifts
我便萎靡，亦无悲戚或怨叹；我收获了其他恩赐，
Have followed; for such loss, I would believe,
相随而来；因这消逝，我愿相信，
Abundant recompense. For I have learned
得以充足地偿还。因为我已学会
To look on nature, not as in the hour
去凝视大自然，不再像往昔
Of thoughtless youth; but hearing oftentimes
那无忧少年般；却时常倾听
The still, sad music of humanity,
人性之中那静谧、却带悲伤的旋律，
Nor harsh nor grating, though of ample power
它不尖锐不刺耳，却蕴含深沉力量
To chasten and subdue. And I have felt
能鞭策也能驯服。而我感受到
A presence that disturbs me with the joy
有一种存在，搅动我内心的欢喜，
Of elevated thoughts; a sense sublime
令思绪高扬；一种崇高的感知，
Of something far more deeply interfused,
感知到某种更为深刻的交融，
Whose dwelling is the light of setting suns,
栖身于夕阳的余晖，
And the round ocean and the living air,
也栖身于无垠的海洋与鲜活的空气，
And the blue sky, and in the mind of man;
以及蓝天，更潜藏在人类的心灵之中；
A motion and a spirit, that impels
它是一种运动与灵韵，驱动着
All thinking things, all objects of all thought,
所有会思想的存在，以及所有思维所及的对象，
And rolls through all things. Therefore am I still
流转于万事万物之间。因此我依旧
A lover of the meadows and the woods,
钟爱这草地与林木，
And mountains; and of all that we behold
和群山；以及我们所见之一切，
From this green earth; of all the mighty world
自这片绿色大地所孕育的壮丽世界；
Of eye, and ear,—both what they half create,
为眼和耳——既由它们半分创造，
And what perceive; well pleased to recognize
又半分感知；欣然领悟到
In nature and the language of the sense,
在大自然与感官语言之间，
The anchor of my purest thoughts, the nurse,
有我至纯思绪的锚点，是养育者，
The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul
亦是心灵的向导与守护，
Of all my moral being. Nor perchance,
呵护我所有道德生命。或许，
If I were not thus taught, should I the more
若非如此教化，我是否会更多地
Suffer my genial spirits to decay:
放任我生机勃勃的心神衰萎：
For thou art with me here upon the banks
因为你与我同在此地，于河岸旁，
Of this fair river; thou my dearest Friend,
在这美丽的河畔；你是我最亲挚的友人，
My dear, dear Friend; and in thy voice I catch
我深深爱的友人；在你的声音里我听到
The language of my former heart, and read
我昔日心灵的言语，并读到
My former pleasures in the shooting lights
从你那飞逸的光彩中，重温旧日的欢欣，
Of thy wild eyes. Oh! yet a little while
从你生动的眼神里获取。噢！就在此短暂之中，
May I behold in thee what I was once,
让我在你身上看到曾经的自己，
My dear, dear Sister! and this prayer I make,
我亲爱的、亲爱的妹妹！我于此祈愿，
Knowing that Nature never did betray
深知大自然从不曾背弃
The heart that loved her; 'tis her privilege,
爱她的心；这是她的恩典，
Through all the years of this our life, to lead
贯穿我们人生岁月，引领我们
From joy to joy: for she can so inform
从欢愉走向欢愉：因为她能如此启迪
The mind that is within us, so impress
我们内在的心灵，以此深深铭刻
With quietness and beauty, and so feed
以宁静与美；并如此地滋养
With lofty thoughts, that neither evil tongues,
以崇高之思，以至无论邪恶的诋毁，
Rash judgments, nor the sneers of selfish men,
轻率的批判，或自私者的嘲笑，
Nor greetings where no kindness is, nor all
乃至缺乏善意的寒暄，或所有
The dreary intercourse of daily life,
日常生活中单调阴暗的交际，
Shall e'er prevail against us, or disturb
都无法战胜我们，无法扰乱
Our cheerful faith, that all which we behold
我们那乐观的信念：所有所见之物
Is full of blessings. Therefore let the moon
都蕴含祝福。因此，让月亮
Shine on thee in thy solitary walk;
在你独行时洒下光辉；
And let the misty mountain-winds be free
让山峦间缥缈的风自由吹拂
To blow against thee: and, in after years,
你面颊；待未来岁月来临，
When these wild ecstasies shall be matured
当这些狂放的欢愉逐渐成熟，
Into a sober pleasure; when thy mind
化为沉静的愉悦；当你的心灵
Shall be a mansion for all lovely forms,
成为包容万千美好景象的殿堂，
Thy memory be as a dwelling-place
你的记忆宛如一座居所
For all sweet sounds and harmonies; oh! then,
珍藏所有悦耳之声与和谐；噢！那时，
If solitude, or fear, or pain, or grief,
若孤独、恐惧、痛楚或悲伤
Should be thy portion, with what healing thoughts
降临你身，你却能以何等治愈的思绪
Of tender joy wilt thou remember me,
怀着温柔的欣喜将我忆起，
And these my exhortations! Nor, perchance—
以及我此刻的劝勉！也许——
If I should be where I no more can hear
若我远遁他方，再无法听到
Thy voice, nor catch from thy wild eyes these gleams
你的声音，或从你那灵动的眸中捕捉
Of past existence—wilt thou then forget
往日存在的光芒——你也不会忘记
That on the banks of this delightful stream
在这条美妙的河岸边，
We stood together; and that I, so long
我们曾携手伫立；而我，于多年之后
A worshipper of Nature, hither came
仍是自然的崇拜者，再度归来
Unwearied in that service: rather say
无惧辛劳地履行这崇敬：不如说
With warmer love—oh! with far deeper zeal
带着更炽热的爱——噢！以及更深切的热诚
Of holier love. Nor wilt thou then forget,
对神圣之爱的向往。你也不会忘记，
That after many wanderings, many years
在漫长的漂泊，数载岁月之后，
Of absence, these steep woods and lofty cliffs,
我再度见到这些陡峭的林木与高耸的悬崖，
And this green pastoral landscape, were to me
以及这片绿色的田园景致，重回于我
More dear, both for themselves and for thy sake!
既因其本身的美好，也因你之故而倍加珍贵！
《廷特恩修道院》（原题为《在廷特恩修道院上游几英里处所作之诗》）是威廉·华兹华斯的重要代表作，收录于1798年与柯勒律治合著的《抒情歌谣》中。诗人以回访怀河（Wye）之旅为契机，在相隔五年后再次目睹廷特恩修道院周边的自然景致，回首岁月、反思自我，在时空对比中写下了对自然、人性与灵魂之交融的深邃感悟。
诗中处处可见华兹华斯关于自然与心灵互动的浪漫思考。他先从外部景色的丰富描绘出发，描写了险峻山崖、幽深林木以及河谷田园的风貌，刻画出一幅宁静祥和的风景画卷。随着漫步与凝望，诗人的情感层层展开：从对往日少年激情的追忆，到对当下平和成熟心境的体会，再到对未来精神寄托的憧憬。通过这段精神旅程，诗人阐明了自然如何带来慰藉与启示，也佐证了他“自然是心灵的滋养者”的一贯理念。
此外，诗中的“妹妹”也是一个重要角色。她不仅象征了人与人之间的情感连结，也让诗人借此回望并见证了自己对自然的忠诚与成长。自然被赋予了神圣属性：它能抚平世俗的烦扰、指引心灵的升华，甚至让人窥见事物更深的本质。诗人在这首诗里以深情而不失沉稳的笔触，向世人展现了大地与人心相互滋养的浪漫主义理想，也为后来世人理解“华兹华斯式”的自然观奠定了基石。
整首诗结构宏大、叙事有序，并在抒情中不断注入哲理性的思考。它不仅是一篇关于田园风光的诗歌，更是关于沉思、回忆与灵魂升华的心灵独白，让读者既能感受到自然画面的优美，也能感悟到人生在经历岁月洗礼后所获得的深层觉悟。
要点
1. 自然不仅提供视觉盛宴，更是心灵的庇护所与灵感之源。
2. 经历成长与世事变迁后，对往日纯真情感的回忆往往能带来新的感悟与力量。
3. 在对景物的凝视和沉思中，人们可获得超越尘俗的内在宁静与精神升华。
