长恨歌 - 白居易
帝后情难续，盛唐梦易醒
汉皇重色思倾国
The Han Emperor yearned for a beauty who could captivate the realm.
御宇多年求不得
Though he ruled for many years, he could not find such a one.
杨家有女初长成
A daughter of the Yang clan had just come of age,
养在深闺人未识
Raised in seclusion, unknown to the world.
天生丽质难自弃
Born with natural beauty, it could not remain hidden.
一朝选在君王侧
One day, she was chosen to stand by the Emperor’s side.
回眸一笑百媚生
She glanced back with a smile, enchanting all with myriad charms.
六宫粉黛无颜色
In comparison, the palace concubines lost their radiance.
春寒赐浴华清池
In the spring chill, she was granted a bath at Huaqing Pool,
温泉水滑洗凝脂
Where warm, silky waters bathed her smooth skin.
侍儿扶起娇无力
Maidservants helped her rise, for she was delicately weak,
始是新承恩泽时
Marking the moment her favor truly began.
云鬓花颜金步摇
Her cloud-like hair, flowerlike face, and golden pins swayed,
芙蓉帐暖度春宵
In the lotus-draped bed, spring nights passed in warmth and bliss.
春宵苦短日高起
Those sweet nights felt brief; the sun rose high before they woke.
从此君王不早朝
From then on, the Emperor ceased attending early court.
承欢侍宴无闲暇
Indulging in pleasure, they had no idle moments.
春从春游夜专夜
Spring days brought springtime frolics, and nights brought ceaseless revelry.
后宫佳丽三千人
Though three thousand beauties graced the harem,
三千宠爱在一身
All the Emperor’s affection fell upon her alone.
金屋妆成娇侍夜
In her gilded chambers, she adorned herself to attend him by night,
玉楼宴罢醉和春
Banquets in the jade tower ended in drunken springtime delight.
姊妹弟兄皆列土
Her siblings were granted fiefs and titles,
可怜光彩生门户
Their family prospered under her shining fortune.
遂令天下父母心
Thus, all parents under heaven
不重生男重生女
Envied those with daughters more than sons.
骊宫高处入青云
From the high towers of Li Palace, rising to the blue clouds,
仙乐风飘处处闻
Celestial music drifted gently in every corner.
缓歌慢舞凝丝竹
Soft songs and slow dances harmonized with flutes and strings,
尽日君王看不足
The Emperor watched without tiring, day after day.
渔阳鼙鼓动地来
Then war drums from Yuyang shook the earth,
惊破霓裳羽衣曲
Shattering the Rainbow Skirt and Feathered Coat dance.
九重城阙烟尘生
Chaos rose within the ninefold palace walls,
千乘万骑西南行
And countless chariots and cavalry fled southwest.
翠华摇摇行复止
The imperial banners wavered, moving then halting,
西出都门百余里
They had gone a hundred miles beyond the city gates.
六军不发无奈何
The six armies refused to march, leaving no recourse—
宛转蛾眉马前死
Before the horse’s head, that graceful brow met its end.
花钿委地无人收
Her jeweled hair ornaments fell to the ground, unclaimed,
翠翘金雀玉搔头
Emerald pins and jade combs were scattered and lost.
君王掩面救不得
The Emperor covered his face, unable to save her,
回看血泪相和流
He turned to see tears of blood flowing together.
黄埃散漫风萧索
Yellow dust billowed in a bleak wind,
云栈萦纡登剑阁
Along twisting mountain paths, they climbed the Sword Gate.
峨嵋山下少人行
Few traveled below Emei Mountain,
旌旗无光日色薄
The banners shone no more in the dim sunlight.
蜀江水碧蜀山青
Though the Shu River ran jade-green and the Shu mountains were lush,
圣主朝朝暮暮情
The Emperor’s longing spanned each dawn and dusk.
行宫见月伤心色
At the roadside palace, the moon brought painful thoughts,
夜雨闻铃肠断声
As night rain and distant bells tore at his heart.
天旋日转回龙驭
Time swirled, and the imperial chariot finally returned,
到此踌躇不能去
But he lingered here, reluctant to depart.
马嵬坡下泥土中
At Mawei Slope, beneath the earth and mud,
不见玉颜空死处
He found no trace of her jade-like face—only a lonely place of death.
君臣相顾尽沾衣
Ruler and courtiers gazed at each other through falling tears,
东望都门信马归
They headed east toward the capital, letting the horses roam as they would.
归来池苑皆依旧
Returning to the palace gardens, all was as before,
太液芙蓉未央柳
Lotus flowers in Taiye Lake and willows at Weiyang Palace.
芙蓉如面柳如眉
The lotus mirrored her face, the willow her brows—
对此如何不泪垂
Seeing them, how could tears not fall?
春风桃李花开日
When peach and plum blossoms bloom in the spring breeze,
秋雨梧桐叶落时
When autumn rain sends parasol leaves drifting down,
西宫南内多秋草
Grass grows thick in the western and southern palaces,
落叶满阶红不扫
Fallen leaves of red lie unswept on the steps.
梨园弟子白发新
The Pear Garden performers now show streaks of white hair,
椒房阿监青娥老
And the palace attendants of old are no longer young.
夕殿萤飞思悄然
Fireflies flicker in the evening halls, stirring silent thoughts,
孤灯挑尽未成眠
A lonely lamp burns low, yet he cannot sleep.
迟迟钟鼓初长夜
Slowly, the bell and drum mark the lengthening night,
耿耿星河欲曙天
Bright stars linger as dawn barely breaks.
鸳鸯瓦冷霜华重
The mandarin-duck tiles grow cold under heavy frost,
翡翠衾寒谁与共
Who now shares the emerald quilt’s chill with him?
悠悠生死别经年
Long years have passed since they were parted by life and death,
魂魄不曾来入梦
Yet her spirit never returned in his dreams.
临邛道士鸿都客
A Daoist from Linqiong, a visitor to Hongdu,
能以精诚致魂魄
Claimed he could summon souls through sincere devotion.
为感君王辗转思
Moved by the Emperor’s restless grief,
遂教方士殷勤觅
He was entreated to search diligently for her.
排空驭气奔如电
He soared through the void like lightning,
升天入地求之遍
Traveling heaven and earth to find her trace.
上穷碧落下黄泉
He combed the azure realms above and the yellow springs below,
两处茫茫皆不见
But in both vast spaces, she was nowhere to be found.
忽闻海上有仙山
Suddenly, news came of an immortal isle beyond the sea,
山在虚无缥渺间
Floating in vague and misty realms.
楼阁玲珑五云起
Its ornate towers rose amid five-colored clouds,
其中绰约多仙子
Where many radiant immortals dwelled.
中有一人字太真
Among them was one called Taizhen,
雪肤花貌参差是
Her snowy skin and flower-like face so familiar yet ethereal.
金阙西厢叩玉扃
At the western gate of the Golden Palace, he knocked upon the jade latch,
转教小玉报双成
Sending word through an attendant to summon her forth.
闻道汉家天子使
Hearing that the Han Emperor’s messenger had come,
九华帐里梦魂惊
She was startled from her dream within nine-flowered curtains.
揽衣推枕起徘徊
Pulling on her robe, pushing aside her pillow, she paced anxiously,
珠箔银屏迤逦开
Pearl blinds and silver screens unfolding behind her.
云鬓半偏新睡觉
Her cloud-like hair partly undone from recent slumber,
花冠不整下堂来
She descended the hall, her floral crown askew.
风吹仙袂飘飖举
A breeze stirred her immortal sleeves into a flowing dance,
犹似霓裳羽衣舞
Recalling that Rainbow Skirt and Feathered Coat performance of old.
玉容寂寞泪阑干
Her jade-like face bore a lonely sorrow, tears streaming,
梨花一枝春带雨
Like pear blossoms in spring drenched by gentle rain.
含情凝睇谢君王
With deep emotion she gazed, expressing gratitude to the Emperor,
一别音容两渺茫
Since their parting, voice and visage had grown distant and unclear.
昭阳殿里恩爱绝
Their love at Zhaoyang Hall had been severed,
蓬莱宫中日月长
While in the immortal Penglai Palace, days and months felt eternal.
回头下望人寰处
Looking down upon the mortal realm,
不见长安见尘雾
Chang’an was nowhere in sight, only drifting clouds and dust.
唯将旧物表深情
She offered him cherished relics to show her enduring devotion,
钿合金钗寄将去
Sending a golden hairpin and inlaid box as keepsakes.
钗留一股合一扇
One half of the pin, one part of the box remained,
钗擘黄金合分钿
Broken gold and parted ornaments symbolized their bond.
但教心似金钿坚
Only let our hearts be as steadfast as these precious pieces,
天上人间会相见
And we shall someday meet again, whether in heaven or on earth.
临别殷勤重寄词
Before parting, she earnestly sent more words,
词中有誓两心知
Within them, an oath only both hearts would understand.
七月七日长生殿
On the seventh day of the seventh month at the Palace of Eternal Life,
夜半无人私语时
They whispered private vows when no one else was near.
在天愿作比翼鸟
In the heavens, let us be two birds flying wing to wing,
在地愿为连理枝
On earth, let us be two branches entwined as one.
天长地久有时尽
Though heaven and earth may one day end,
此恨绵绵无绝期
Our abiding sorrow will endure forever.
《长恨歌》是白居易的代表作之一，创作于唐代中期，描写了唐玄宗与杨贵妃之间缠绵悱恻的爱情悲剧，同时也折射出当时的政治动荡与社会现实。诗中前半部分极力铺陈杨贵妃得宠、承受万千宠爱的盛景，后半部分则转折到战乱爆发、贵妃被迫赐死的凄楚结局，形成强烈的戏剧性冲突。
全诗语言生动凝练，常用对偶和夸张手法来塑造人物形象，情感推进层次分明。白居易借此诗抒发对唐玄宗执迷美色而误国的叹惋，也对杨贵妃红颜薄命的命运寄予同情。在艺术表现上，诗歌构思巧妙，借“仙山求索”这一虚幻情节，赋予现实悲剧以浪漫主义色彩；更通过细腻的笔触，令读者在绮丽景象和哀婉情调的交织中，体会盛唐由盛转衰的历史兴亡。
《长恨歌》不仅在叙事方面创造了独特的艺术境界，也开启了唐诗中长篇叙事诗的先河，对后世文学影响深远。它将宫廷爱情、离别之恨与时代兴亡融为一体，在当时与后世都激发了广泛共鸣。通过此诗，我们既可见白居易的语言功力，也能对盛唐时期的文化与美学趣味有更深入的感悟。
要点
1. 诗歌以爱情悲剧为核心，却映射出盛唐衰败的政治与社会背景。
2. 白居易运用了浪漫与现实交织的手法，塑造出既凄美又富有深意的艺术氛围。
3. 全诗情节跌宕，意境宏大，开拓了长篇叙事诗的表现形式，对后世文学影响深远。
4. 从杨贵妃与唐玄宗的悲欢离合，可感悟浮华易逝、权力更迭的无常。
