[经典名诗] 凤凰台上忆吹箫(香冷金猊) - 别绪绵延与闺中幽怀的深切描绘

Phoenix Terrace, Remembering the Xiao Flute (Incense Grows Cold in the Golden Brazier)

凤凰台上忆吹箫(香冷金猊) - 李清照

离怀难诉,流水凝眸处又添新愁

香冷金猊,被翻红浪,起来慵自梳头。
The golden incense burner cools, the bedclothes toss like crimson waves. Rising, I am too weary to dress my hair.
任宝奁尘满,日上帘钩。
Let the jewel case gather dust, the sun already climbs above the curtain hook.
生怕离怀别苦,多少事、欲说还休。
I fear the pang of parting; so many things weigh on my heart, yet remain unspoken.
新来瘦,非干病酒,不是悲秋。
Lately I grow thin, not from illness or wine, nor simply from autumn’s sadness.
休休,这回去也,千万遍阳关,也则难留。
Enough—this time he departs for good; ten thousand renditions of “Yangguan” cannot make him stay.
念武陵人远,烟锁秦楼。
Thinking of the one now far off in Wuling; a haze envelops the Qin Tower.
惟有楼前流水,应念我、终日凝眸。
Only the stream before the tower might remember me, gazing long day after day.
凝眸处,从今又添,一段新愁。
Where my gaze lingers, from this moment on, there is yet another sorrow to bear.

《凤凰台上忆吹箫(香冷金猊)》是李清照于宋代后期所创作的一首词,通过闺中女子对离别情事的抒发,体现出她细腻的心理活动和对时光、境遇的无奈。首句“香冷金猊”以冷却的香炉暗示时光的流逝和心境的降温,与随后“被翻红浪”形成强烈对比,既营造出慵懒又带有隐隐焦灼的氛围,也写出清晨时光中心绪的无可适从。

“生怕离怀别苦”将人物情绪点破:离愁难耐,千头万绪欲说却难以启齿。作者强调“新来瘦,非干病酒,不是悲秋”,深层寓意并非时令或酒后郁闷,而是别离带来的彻骨哀伤。随着剧情推进,“这回去也,千万遍阳关,也则难留”借古曲《阳关三叠》表达送别心境:纵有再多离筵曲赋,也难以挽留即将远行之人。

下片“念武陵人远,烟锁秦楼”以地域名和虚景交织,暗示了朋友、爱人或知己的消息渺茫。结尾“惟有楼前流水,应念我、终日凝眸”从凝望流水的女子身上展现了内心的孤独:“流水”不言,却默默见证她的思念。最后“凝眸处,从今又添,一段新愁”是整首词的情感压轴:离别之后,纵使秋风不再或季节更替,这份新滋生的忧愁却会始终相随。词人巧妙地以景物、典故与内心独白相融合,将背后的思慕和伤怀写得沉郁而含蓄,成为宋词“言淡意浓”的代表作品之一。

要点

1. 以冷却香炉与翻动的罗被衬托出清晨离愁的矛盾心境。
2. 多重典故融汇,“阳关”“武陵”等意象带来时空纵深感。
3. 结尾“凝眸处,从今又添,一段新愁”点明别离苦痛的无尽延伸,升华全篇哀婉。

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