Kubla Khan - Samuel Taylor Coleridge
忽必烈汗 - 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治
幻梦之宫殿盛启，灵思奔涌筑心疆
In Xanadu did Kubla Khan
在仙那度之地，忽必烈汗
A stately pleasure-dome decree:
下令建起一座宏伟的欢愉宫殿：
Where Alph, the sacred river, ran
在那神圣的阿尔弗河奔流其间，
Through caverns measureless to man
穿过深邃无量的幽洞，
Down to a sunless sea.
直抵一片无日之海。
So twice five miles of fertile ground
于是方圆十里肥沃大地，
With walls and towers were girdled round;
建起高墙与塔楼环绕其外；
And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills
园中溪流蜿蜒，花木葱茏，
Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;
芬芳树木丛生，馨香馥郁；
And here were forests ancient as the hills,
古老森林巍然，如山峦般悠久，
Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.
葱翠林海间，点缀灿烂的绿洲。
But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slanted
然而啊！有一道倾斜的深邃幽壑，浪漫而神秘，
Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover!
从苍翠山岗倾下，柏树林中遮掩！
A savage place! as holy and enchanted
何等荒蛮之处，却又圣洁神奇，
As e'er beneath a waning moon was haunted
仿佛只在月色阑珊时，
By woman wailing for her demon-lover!
才有女子在此哭诉她魔魅的情郎！
And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething,
而今这断崖幽壑内，翻腾的浪涌不息，
As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing,
宛若大地正作急促而沉重的呼吸，
A mighty fountain momently was forced;
一股强劲的泉流喷涌而出；
Amid whose swift half-intermitted burst
在急湍的断续喷射中，
Huge fragments vaulted like rebounding hail,
巨石碎片如弹起的冰雹漫天飞舞，
Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher's flail:
仿佛打谷场上扬起的谷屑。
And 'mid these dancing rocks at once and ever
在这跃动的石块间，倏忽也在恒久持续中，
It flung up momently the sacred river.
那神圣的河水瞬间被抛向空中。
Five miles meandering with a mazy motion
河水蜿蜒五里，以迷离曲折之势，
Through wood and dale the sacred river ran,
穿越林地与幽谷静静流淌，
Then reached the caverns measureless to man,
继而抵达那无边深洞，
And sank in tumult to a lifeless ocean;
在喧嚣中坠入不见生息的海洋；
And 'mid this tumult Kubla heard from far
而在这轰鸣声里，忽必烈汗遥闻远方，
Ancestral voices prophesying war!
先祖之音似在预言战事将起！
The shadow of the dome of pleasure
欢愉宫殿的倒影，
Floated midway on the waves;
半浮于起伏波浪之间；
Where was heard the mingled measure
此处能听见交融的旋律，
From the fountain and the caves.
自喷泉与幽洞中汇聚而来。
It was a miracle of rare device,
真是旷世奇景、鬼斧神工，
A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!
明亮的欢愉殿堂里，却藏有冰窟！
A damsel with a dulcimer
曾有一少女抱琴，
In a vision once I saw:
在我幻梦中一度见她身影：
It was an Abyssinian maid,
她乃来自阿比西尼亚的少女，
And on her dulcimer she played,
轻抚琴弦自弹自唱，
Singing of Mount Abora.
吟诵起阿博拉山的神秘之歌。
Could I revive within me
倘若我能唤回那记忆，
Her symphony and song,
让她的旋律与歌声再次涌现，
To such a deep delight 'twould win me,
那深邃的欢愉将再度拥抱我，
That with music loud and long,
并在悠远高亢的乐曲声里，
I would build that dome in air,
在空中重塑那殿堂，
That sunny dome! those caves of ice!
那阳光灿烂的宫殿！以及遍布冰窟的奇境！
And all who heard should see them there,
凡是听闻此曲者，皆能于目中见此胜景，
And all should cry, Beware! Beware!
众人惊叹呼道：当心！当心！
His flashing eyes, his floating hair!
看他目光炯炯，长发飞扬！
Weave a circle round him thrice,
速速围绕他绕行三圈，
And close your eyes with holy dread,
并以神圣的敬畏阖上双眼，
For he on honey-dew hath fed,
因他曾以蜜露为食，
And drunk the milk of Paradise.
也饮下了极乐天境的乳汁。
《忽必烈汗》（副题为“或，梦中幻象：一则残篇”）由塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治创作并于1816年发表。诗的灵感据说源于诗人因服用鸦片后入睡时的一段强烈幻梦，醒来后他试图记录下全部细节却被外来访客打断，最终只剩下这篇不完整的“残篇”。
诗中以“忽必烈汗”在幻境仙那度修建华丽宫殿的意象开篇，极具东方色彩与奇幻氛围。阿尔弗河、古老森林、幽深峭壁与冰窟交织出一幅撼动人心的神秘画卷；宫殿、流水、洞穴等意象流转出梦与现实交错的奇异气息。柯勒律治借助此景，象征人类心灵世界的无限创造力与灵感之源。
诗的后半部分揭示了作者在幻梦中与阿比西尼亚少女的“琴歌”邂逅：她演奏的旋律和高山之歌，暗示着更深层次的灵感或心灵世界。若能重现这梦中之乐，诗人便能再现“空中宫殿”般的至美幻境。然而，这股灵感往往稍纵即逝，如同蜜露与天乳般神秘而珍贵。柯勒律治以“围绕三圈”和“闭眼敬畏”的终章警示读者：这来自幻梦的创造力固然神圣，却也危险，象征艺术灵感的狂热与变幻莫测，令人既向往又敬畏。
作为英国浪漫主义的代表作品之一，《忽必烈汗》不仅以奇幻浓烈的意象著称，还体现了对艺术灵感与潜意识的探索。诗中深厚的东方情调、瑰丽的自然景观和梦幻意象共同构筑了一方灵魂的迷宫，在文学史上广为传颂，成为浪漫主义诗坛的经典篇章。
要点
1. 诗中交织东方神秘意象与西方梦幻想象，构筑了恢宏瑰丽的幻境世界。
2. “残篇”形式暗示灵感转瞬即逝，也体现艺术创作常陷于片段性的灵光乍现。
3. 柯勒律治以奇诡瑰丽的笔触展现浪漫主义对于潜意识与神秘灵感的执着追寻。
