马诗二十三首(其五) - 李贺
Horse Poems (No. 5 in a Series of Twenty-Three) - Li He
马诗二十三首(其五) - 李贺
Horse Poems (No. 5 in a Series of Twenty-Three) - Li He
This fifth poem in Li He’s celebrated series of twenty-three horse poems exemplifies his hallmark fusion of dynamic imagery and subtle commentary on the fate of martial steeds—and perhaps, by analogy, the warrior spirit.
He begins with an almost mythical portrait: the horse’s spine described as bearing ‘coin-shaped scales’ likened to a dragon, immediately granting a sense of majesty and power. ‘Silver hooves’ treading on rising mist conjures a dreamlike picture, suggesting both the horse’s speed and its near-supernatural grace.
Yet no one tends to this magnificent creature with the regal trappings (the ‘brocade saddle mat’ or a ‘golden whip’) it might deserve. With swift compression, Li He captures the horse’s sublime potential—racing westward as though it could touch the sky—only to shift the mood in the final lines. We see the dust-choked reality near the Ba River, the horse’s eyes bloodshot with exertion or sorrow. Ultimately, for all its grandeur, the stallion becomes just another warhorse ‘led by soldiers onto the battlefield.’
In these seven lines, Li He thus paints an arc of aspiration and disillusion. The poem subtly questions how a being of such beauty and power becomes ensnared in the machinery of war, unable to fulfill a loftier destiny. It resonates as a broader reflection on human ambitions as well: we may feel destined for greatness, only to find ourselves subject to the demands of circumstance.
While brief, the poem demonstrates Li He’s deft ability to blend the heroic and the tragic in a single swift stroke. In presenting a horse that seems almost divine yet ends up in the dusty throng of battle, Li He leaves the reader with a nuanced, poignant echo of noble hopes thwarted by harsh reality. Even centuries later, his lines stir our empathy for any creature (or person) caught in the crosscurrents of grand dreams and mortal duty.
• Li He fuses mythic imagery (dragon-like spine) with the physical reality of a warhorse.
• The poem moves from lofty grandeur to sobering earthly fate.
• It underscores themes of aspiration (charging westward to the sky) versus duty (the battlefield).
• The horse’s final image reflects a larger commentary on wasted potential and the cost of warfare.
Short lines can strike like hoofbeats, swiftly building a portrait of tenacity that merges primal energy with the poet’s subtle empathy for the beast’s condition.
I love how the verses stand at the intersection between raw wilderness and refined artistry—Li He’s language has a savage elegance that’s mesmerizing.
I love how it prompts reflection on how we harness living power for human ends, often overshadowing the innate majesty and spirit these creatures embody.
Like a single call in a silent valley, the poem resonates with a primal chord: the will to continue, despite all, shining from the horse’s fierce eyes and echoing in the poet’s unwavering words.
The lines pulse with a rhythmic beat, echoing the horse’s hoofbeats in a manner that merges poetry and trotting cadence.
The poem’s lines gallop across the page with a stark energy, as though you can hear the hoofbeats echoing in the background.
It reminds me of how modern people still romanticize the wild mustang or the racehorse, seeing them as emblems of freedom or resilience. The poem’s sense of longing and might converges with our continued fascination with horses as powerful, almost mythical figures.
There’s a savage grace in the poem’s short, punchy lines, as if the poet recognizes that no flourish can outshine the horse’s raw, lean elegance.
Reading it feels like standing at the edge of a deserted plain at dusk: the wind picks up, and for an instant, you glimpse the horse’s silhouette against a fiery sky—a portrait of unstoppable vigor shaped by adversity.
When I think of modern news stories on endangered wild horses or controversies over horse-drawn carriage regulations, I’m struck by how these ancient poems remain relevant, capturing a sense of tension between human demands and the horse’s natural dignity.
Though there’s an undeniable beauty in the horse’s portrayal, Li He never lets us forget that survival here is uncertain—both beast and man cling to life in the frontier’s austere domain.
I love the rawness: the poet doesn’t dwell on flowery scenery. We see rough ground, maybe spattered with scattered thistles, and a horse that must endure no matter the harsh setting.
One can almost picture the poet observing from a bluff at twilight, pen capturing each flick of the mane, each restless stomp, while desert winds carry the scent of dust and distant cavalry.
I picture an unspoken camaraderie in these lines: poet and horse, each restless under the vast sky, forging a silent bond of understanding about freedom’s tenuous hold.
Compared to Li Bai’s spirited horse references (where horses often symbolize unbridled freedom), Li He’s equine portrayal leans darker, highlighting the creature’s struggle and the heavy burdens it might bear under harsh conditions.
The poem’s sparse yet powerful diction leaves no room for frivolity—every word resonates with the pounding heartbeat of the stallion in the distance.
There’s a stoic tension in each line, as though the horse stands poised, neck taut, waiting for either an onrush of battle or a final, weary exhalation.
It’s a poem where silence roars—the poet reveals more through abrupt, searing snapshots than any explicit commentary on the horse’s plight.
I see a quiet critique, too—a sense that humans exploit the horse’s might, redirecting its raw power for wars or exhausting journeys, while the poet laments the beast’s unfulfilled, wilder destiny.
Compared to Du Fu’s war-horse verses that lament the toll of campaigns, Li He’s lines fixate more on the horse’s essential spirit itself, less on human conflict. Both engage the equine theme, but with different emotional cores.
Reading it evokes a raw frontier spirit, where a lone horse stands as a symbol of both power and isolation.
Even in translation, Li He’s unique style crackles with edgy syntax and driving imagery, ensuring we feel the horse’s heartbeat in every syllable.
Sometimes, the stanzas feel like swirling dust devils around the horse’s hooves, capturing that moment of tension when everything else in the world fades except the thunder of galloping steps.
I find it haunting how the lines suggest that this imposing, galloping form might vanish as swiftly as it appears, leaving only swirling dust and lingering echoes on the wind.
The poem’s focus on the horse’s primal force underscores an unspoken commentary on fate—like a majestic creature shackled by mortal constraints, galloping on the edge of the unknown.
Compared to Li Bai’s romantic horse imagery, Li He’s approach is grounded in harsher reality—less starry-eyed and more inclined to show dust, scars, and the horse’s potential heartbreak under mortal burdens.
I sense a faint trace of sadness behind the horse’s eyes, hinting that even fierce vitality can carry a layer of hidden longing.
The poem’s tense hush resonates like a silent drumroll, as if we’re bracing for either a fierce charge across the plains or the horse’s final submission to an unwelcome yoke.
A short impression: it’s as if the poem wants to remind us that raw power and beauty can coexist with a subtle heartbreak, especially in landscapes too vast and unforgiving for easy refuge.
Each image suggests unspoken burdens—like harnesses or the specter of impending battles—that weigh down a creature built for untamed horizons.
Some lines are as abrupt and forceful as a stampede, capturing a horse’s unstoppable drive even when the path is uncertain or bleak.
Sometimes each phrase feels like a brushstroke of dust and wind, capturing the horse’s fierceness against a broad, unyielding landscape.
The final impression is one of stark grandeur—a solitary horse forging onward across desolate plains, carrying the wild spirit of an entire land in its pounding hooves, all etched in Li He’s intense poetic lens.
In a digital age, it’s refreshing to recall that sometimes, the sheer presence of a single, powerful animal can communicate more about resilience and survival than endless streams of social media posts. Li He’s poem highlights that primal connection.
Comparing it with Li He’s own ‘雁门太守行,’ I find a similar tension—a focus on the frontier’s peril and the stoicism required to face it. One dwells on the fortress, the other on the horse, but both share that sense of looming harshness and unwavering spirit.
In contrast to Li He’s ‘李凭箜篌引,’ which conjures eerie musical illusions, ‘马诗(其五)’ is more grounded. Here, the poet channels the horse’s earthly might rather than cosmic eeriness, yet both poems share Li He’s signature flair for intense, vivid imagery.
I admire how Li He channels the horse’s wild essence without romanticizing it into a mere symbol of freedom. Instead, he acknowledges the grit, the dust, and the potential sorrow beneath the beast’s formidable strength.
Short yet gritty: each line feels like a sharp gust of wind scraping across barren plains, underscoring the poem’s austere beauty.
I can almost feel the grit in my teeth reading these lines, the dryness of the environment matching the horse’s taut muscles and unwavering gaze.
Sometimes it reminds me of news features about wild mustangs in the American West, how they roam with an untamed spirit that lawmakers and ranchers struggle to contain. That tension resonates with the poem’s portrayal of unstoppable equine might.
Occasionally, the poem’s undercurrent of grief suggests that this majestic animal might be forced into a fate unworthy of its grandeur, echoing modern debates on animal welfare where majestic creatures face exploitation or neglect.
In the end, ‘马诗二十三首(其五)’ stands as a testament to Li He’s power to compress an entire frontier’s drama into a handful of lines—charging forward with unstoppable momentum yet shadowed by regret.