永遇乐(落日熔金) - 李清照
元宵怅惘，往昔盛景难再追忆
落日熔金，暮云合璧，人在何处？
Sunset glows like molten gold, twilight clouds merge in radiance—where now is my dear one?
染柳烟浓，吹梅笛怨，春意知几许？
Willow trees dyed in a thick haze; a flute’s lament flows from blooming plum—how much of spring’s warmth do they herald?
元宵佳节，融和天气，次第岂无风雨？
On the Lantern Festival, though the weather seems mild, who can say there will be no wind and rain?
来相召、香车宝马，谢他酒朋诗侣。
Friends arrive in fragrant carriages, fine horses prance; I politely decline their feasts of wine and verse.
中州盛日，闺门多暇，记得偏重三五？
Back in the glory days of the Central Plains, a lady at leisure would prize most the fifteenth night (Lantern Festival),
铺翠冠儿，捻金雪柳，簇带争济楚。
Adorning herself in emerald crowns, twisting golden tassels and snowy willow catkins, contending in exquisite beauty.
如今憔悴，风鬟霜鬓，怕见夜间出去。
Now grown gaunt, hair disheveled like wind-blown clouds, silver at the temples—I dread venturing out at night.
不如向、帘儿底下，听人笑语。
Better to stay behind the lowered curtain, merely listening to others’ laughter and chatter.
《永遇乐(落日熔金)》是李清照在元宵节背景下，借灯火阑珊描绘往昔繁华与眼前落寞的名篇。开篇“落日熔金，暮云合璧”不仅刻画了傍晚时分的金色余晖与暮云辉映，也暗示了光景不再、人物离散的无奈。随后“元宵佳节，融和天气，次第岂无风雨？”一句，更在热闹节庆背后埋下隐忧，仿佛昭示人生和节日一样，纵有欢腾也免不了风雨侵袭。
中段提到“中州盛日，闺门多暇，记得偏重三五？”带领读者回到作者记忆中的盛世：当时的女子会在正月十五那日精心妆扮，享受节日的盛况与欢娱。对比之下，如今的“风鬟霜鬓”与“憔悴”格外触目，象征社会动荡和个人境况的颓败，让李清照对往昔荣华愈加惆怅和怀思。
结尾“不如向、帘儿底下，听人笑语”显示了她的退避心态：与其强颜欢笑，不如掩饰在帘下，隔着帘幕旁观别人的热闹。正是这种内敛而深沉的笔触，让此词在热烈节日主题中显得格外凄楚，折射出李清照多舛人生与家国兴衰的沉痛之感。它不仅描绘元宵时分的华灯与游乐场景，更寓意时光流逝、故国难寻与个体境遇的巨大落差。通篇语言简练却意蕴深厚，呈现出一派“盛世风流”与“沧海桑田”的对照，至今读来仍令人回味不已。
要点
1. 借元宵盛景对比眼下憔悴，反映社会与个人境遇的迥异。
2. 巧用灯节意象与记忆闪回，将作者悲欣交织的心路呈现无遗。
3. 结句“帘儿底下”折射了作者自我封闭的心态，也点明时局变换所带来的孤独与怅惘。
