The Ecstasy - John Donne
狂喜 - 约翰·多恩
灵与体的超然交融：爱的沉静绝响
Where, like a pillow on a bed,
在那儿，如枕卧于床，
A pregnant bank swelled up, to rest
那隆起的草岸似含孕之腹，为我们歇息，
The violet’s reclining head,
紫罗兰悠然地偎靠其上，
Sat we two, one another’s best.
你我相对而坐，彼此互为知己良伴。
Our hands were firmly cemented
双手紧紧相握，似被黏合，
With a fast balm, which thence did spring;
犹如从掌心涌出的粘稠香膏；
Our eye-beams twisted, and did thread
你我凝视交织，目光仿佛串成一线，
Our eyes upon one double string;
把双眸缠在同一根情感的丝线上。
So to engraft our hands, as yet
于是我们手掌相接，如同嫁接之枝，
Was all the means to make us one,
那是让二人成为一体的最初方式，
And pictures in our eyes to get
而在彼此眸中映照的图景，
Was all our propagation.
亦成为我们情感繁衍的唯一媒介。
As ’twixt two equal armies, Fate
仿佛两支势均力敌的军队对峙之际，命运，
Suspends uncertain victory,
悬置了那尚难定夺的胜利，
Our souls—which to advance their state,
你我的灵魂欲提升自身境界，
Were gone out—hung ’twixt her and me.
离身外出，悬浮于你我之间。
And whilst our souls negotiate there,
灵魂在彼处展开交流之时，
We like sepulchral statues lay;
我们的躯壳却如陵墓石像般静卧，
All day, the same our postures were,
整日姿态皆未曾变动，
And we said nothing, all the day.
一整天，我们一言不发。
If any, so by love refined,
倘若有人因爱升华得能洞悉灵魂之语，
That he soul’s language understood,
能听懂灵的言辞，
And by good love were grown all mind,
并以至纯的爱而使思维化作全然精神，
Within convenient distance stood,
若在不远处观望，
He—though he knew not which soul spake,
虽不知究竟是哪方灵魂在言语，
Because both meant, both spake the same—
只因你我心意相通，言语同源，
Might thence a new concoction take
亦能由此获取一种崭新的调和，
And part far purer than he came.
离去时心灵比来时更为纯净。
This ecstasy doth unperplex—
这番“狂喜”已解开一切迷惑——
We said—and tell us what we love;
我们说道，并向我们点明爱之所指；
We see by this it was not sex;
如今我们已知，那并非仅因肉体，
We see we saw not what did move;
原来先前我们尚未洞悉那真正使人感动之源。
But as all several souls contain
但正如每个灵魂皆汇聚不知名的诸多成分，
Mixture of things they know not what,
混杂着各种不可名状的元素，
Love these mix’d souls doth mix again,
而爱使这本已交融的灵魂再度合为一体，
And makes both one, each this and that.
令两人相合，你中有我，我中有你。
A single violet transplant,
犹如移栽一株紫罗兰，
The strength, the colour, and the size—
它的力度、色泽与体量，
All which before was poor and scant—
原本是那般孱弱不足，
Redoubles still, and multiplies.
却在新的土壤中倍增，愈加蓬勃。
When love, with one another so
当爱将彼此灵魂如此交融之时，
Interinanimates two souls,
便相互赋予彼此生机，
That abler soul, which thence doth flow,
由此迸发出更强大的新魂，
Defects of loneliness controls.
可驾驭孤独的缺憾。
We then who are this new soul know,
于是你我自觉化为这一新生的灵魂，
Of what we are composed, and made,
明白自身由何种“原子”铸就，
For th’ atomies of which we grow
那微小的单元，
Are souls, whom no change can invade.
皆是灵魂，无惧任何改变或侵扰。
But, O alas! so long, so far
可叹啊，如此深长，如此遥远，
Our bodies why do we forbear?
为何让我们的身体久被搁置？
They are ours, though they are not we, we are
尽管身体并非等同于“我”，可它仍归我所有；
The intelligences, they the sphere.
我们好似心智之星辰，而它们是运行的天球。
We owe them thanks, because they thus
我们应感激身体，因它曾如此，
Did us, to us, at first convey,
将你我传递给彼此，最初维系了相遇，
Yielded their forces, sense, to us,
为我们提供感官与力量，
Nor are dross to us, but allay.
并非糟粕，而是不可或缺的溶剂。
On man heaven’s influence works not so,
苍天对人类并非直接施加影响，
But that it first imprints the air;
而是先印刻于空气，然后渐渗于人，
So soul into the soul may flow,
灵魂对另一灵魂的流入亦然，
Though it to body first repair.
尽管也须先与肉体产生联结。
As our blood labors to beget
正如血液辛勤运作以孕育，
Spirits, as like souls as it can,
尽力生成与灵魂相似的气息，
Because such fingers need to knit
只因需要这般精妙的“指针”来编织，
That subtle knot which makes us man;
那令我们为“人”的灵妙纽带。
So must pure lovers’ souls descend
故而纯净相爱的灵魂也需向下沉降，
T’ affections, and to faculties,
抵达情感与机能之域，
Which sense may reach and apprehend,
使肉眼与感官得以触碰与领会，
Else a great prince in prison lies.
否则那高贵的灵魂王子便困于囹圄。
To our bodies turn we then, that so
让我们回归身体吧，如此，
Weak men on love revealed may look;
也可让凡人得以窥见爱真颜；
Love’s mysteries in souls do grow,
爱之奥秘在灵魂中滋长，
But yet the body is his book.
但肉体仍是解读它的经卷。
And if some lover, such as we,
倘若有情人如你我这般，
Have heard this dialogue of one,
聆听了这如同单一之声的对话，
Let him still mark us, he shall see
就请他继续注视，定会发现，
Small change when we’re to bodies gone.
即使灵魂归于肉身，我们之间依旧无甚改变。
《狂喜》是约翰·多恩玄学派诗歌中的代表作之一。作者着重描述的是两位恋人在河岸草坡上相对而坐、凝视不语的场景，却在灵魂层面完成了深邃对话。整首诗通过优雅而富有张力的比喻，将“灵魂交融”与“肉体存在”之间的张力娓娓道出。
在当时社会与宗教思潮的冲突背景中，爱情往往被视为灵欲交错的复杂议题。多恩则在此诗中强调“真正的爱”不仅限于肉体欢愉，也不仅止于精神境界，而是二者相互提升、融为一体。他通过“目光交织”“灵魂外出”“身体为载体”等意象，揭示了双向互动的爱情观——在纯粹精神合一后，仍需回归身体，让更多人见证、理解爱的实质。
本诗的核心在“ecstasy”——原意为“心神出窍，灵魂升腾之喜”。诗人巧妙地把灵魂对话比作超然的“玄思之境”，在那儿躯体宛如雕像般静止，心灵却深入碰撞。待灵魂“全然契合”，再回返身体之时，一种更高形态的共同体得以显现。由此，多恩不但展现了玄学诗特有的理性思辨与情感热度，也让读者领略到他对“人之为人”的微妙洞察：肉体与灵魂同为爱之载体，前者不是束缚，而是理解和展现爱的窗口。结尾几句更是暗示——真正契合的恋人，即使回到日常世界，也不会失却那份灵魂合一的“狂喜”。
要点
• 通过“灵魂出窍”与“肉体静止”的对比，展现爱情中精神层面的深度交融。
• 强调爱既非单纯的身体需求，也非纯粹的灵魂追求，而是二者相辅相成。
• 作品以玄学派著名的“思辨＋情感”笔法揭示：合一后的灵魂仍需回归身体，让爱在现实层面延续与见证。
